Table 1.
Literature Review of Testicular Cancer Cohort and Case-Control Studies
| First Author | Country | Year | Study Design | Testicular Cancer (TC) Cases |
Controls | TC in 1° or 2° Relative |
Families Reported |
Risk Estimate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tollerud, DJ (19) | U.S. | 1985 | Retrospective multicenter |
269 | 259 | Cases=6 Control=1 |
NR | RR=5.9 (95%CI:0.7–49.1) |
| Forman, D (14) | U.K. | 1992 | Retrospective multicenter |
794 | 749 | Cases=12 Control=2 |
42 | RR=9.8 (95%CI:2.8–16.7) |
|
Westergaard, T (20) |
Denmark | 1996 | Retrospective Population-based cohort |
Father cohort=2113 Brother’s sub cohort=702 |
NA | Fathers=12 Brothers=4 |
NR | RR of father of affected=2.0 (95%CI:1.01–3.43) RR of brother of affected=12.3 (95%CI:3.3–31.5) |
| Heimdal, K (15) | Norway & Sweden |
1996 | Retrospective multicenter hospital- based cohort |
1159 | NA | N1°=32 N2°=24 |
NR | SIR of fathers=4.3 (95%CI:1.6–9.3) SIR of brothers=10.2 (95%CI:6.2–15.8) SIR of sons=5.7 (95%CI:0.7–23.2) |
|
Dieckmann, K (12) |
Germany | 1997 | Prospective multicentric cohort |
1692 | NA | 28 | NR | Prevalence=1.7 (95%CI:1.20–2.5) |
| Retrospective case/control |
518 | 531 | Cases=13 Control=3 |
NR | OR=4.5 (95%CI:1.2–24.9) | |||
|
Sonneveld, D (18) |
Netherlands | 1999 | Retrospective single center |
693 | NA | 24 | 17 | RR brother=8.5–12.7 (95%CI:4.3–22.6) RR father= 1.7 (95%CI:0.6–3.8) |
| Dong, C (13) | Sweden | 2001 | Retrospective family cancer database |
4640 | NA | 62 | NR | SIR brother=8.3 (95%CI:5.7–12.2) SIR father to son=3.9 (95%CI:2.0–6.8) SIR son to father=3.8 (95%CI:2.0–6.7) |
| Hemminki, K (17) | Sweden | 2004 | Retrospective multigenerational registry |
Sons=4082 Fathers=3878 |
0 | 67 | RR of son=3.8 (95%CI:2.2–6.2) RR of brother=8.6 (95%CI:6.4–11.3) RR of brother <5yrs younger than affected=10.8 (95%CI:7.3–15.4) RR of brother>5yrs older than affected=6.7 (95%CI:4.2–10.2) |
|
| Bromen K(11) | Germany | 2004 | Retrospective multi- national population- based case/control |
269 | 797 | Cases=11 Controls=6 |
NR | OR w/brother=14.2 (95%CI:3.0–67.3); OR w/father =2.1 (95%CI:0.5–9.4) |
| Hemminki, K (16) | Sweden | 2006 | Retrospective population registry |
Sons=4586 Fathers=4314 |
0 | NR | 43 | SIR w/father only=3.8 (95%CI:1.9–6.6) SIR w/brother only=7.6 (95%CI:5.1–10.7) |
|
Walschaerts, M (10) |
France | 2007 | Retrospective hospital- based case/control |
229 | 800 | NR | Cases=19 Controls=8 |
OR=9.6 (95%CI: 4.0–22.9) |
|
Nordsborg, RK (8) |
Denmark | 2011 | Retrospective population-based case/control |
3297 | 6594 | 40,104 in cases and controls |
N/A | RR w/affected father=4.6 (95%CI:2.4–8.9) RR w/affected brother=8.3 (95%CI:3.8–18.1) RR w/affected son 5.23 (95%CI:1.35–20.25) |
| Valberg, M (9) | Norway | 2013 | Retrospective Hierarchical Frailty Modeling |
1,135,320 | NA | 7524 families with >1 TGCT |
FRR of son=4.0 (95%CI:3.1–5.2); FRR w/1 affected brother=5.9 (4.7–7.4) FRR w/2 affected brothers=21.7 (95%CI:8.9– 52.8) |
RR: relative risk; SIR: standardized incidence ratio; OR: odds-ratio; FRR: frailty relative risk