Table 2.

Pupillometric measurements in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and habitual snorers with normal Polysomnographic findings (HS).

	HS	Mild-Moderate OSA	Severe OSA	P value
INIT max diameter (mm)	6.29 ± 1.05	5.95± 0.99	6.1± 0.68	NS
END min diameter (mm)	4.48± 0.92	4.25± 0.75	4.32± 0.62	NS
DELTA	−29.2± 5.85	−28.48± 5.87	29.33± 4.47	NS
LAT (sec)	0.22±0.04	0.21± 0.03	0.22± 0.04	NS
ACV (mm/sec)	−3.71± 0.74	−3.80± 0.72	3.78± 0.62	NS
MCV (mm/sec)	−5.11± 0.98	−4.96± 0.87	5.03± 0.90	NS
ADV (mm/sec)	1.27± 0.32	1.29± 0.35	1.26± 0.27	NS
T75 (sec)	2.39± 0.98	2.35± 1.10	2.29± 1.03	NS
Plasma norepinephrine (pg/mL)	87.4±14.7 (n=13)	96.3±17.2 (n=22)	169.5±29.6* (n=13)	* - P<0.01 vs. HS

OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; INIT max, diameter of the pupil before the reflex; END min, the diameter of the pupil just at the peak of the reflex; DELTA, amount of the constriction (INIT-END)/INIT; LAT, latency represents the time of the onset of the reflex; ACV, average constriction velocity; MCV, maximum constriction velocity; ADV, average pupillary dilatation velocity; T75, total time taken by the pupil to recover 75% of the initial resting pupil size after it reached the peak of constriction.