TABLE 3.

Growth rate and biomass formed after 46 h of cultivation of wild-type C. glutamicum under anaerobic conditions in serum bottles with CGXII minimal medium containing 4% (wt/vol) glucose and different amino acid supplements^a

Amino acid supplement (0.8 mM each)	μ (h−1)	Biomass formed (gCDW liter−1)	% biomassb
None	NEGc	0.52 ± 0.01	35
Mix I (high ATP demand; R, M, H, W, C, N)	0.03 ± <0.01	0.71 ± 0.01	47
Mix II (intermediate ATP demand; I, K, T, Q, F, P, Y)	0.04 ± <0.01	0.67 ± 0.09	45
Mix III (no ATP demand; A, D, E, G, L, S, V)	0.05 ± <0.01	0.83 ± 0.10	55
Mix I + II	0.05 ± 0.01	1.31 ± 0.01	87
Mix I + III	0.06 ± <0.01	1.14 ± 0.08	76
Mix II + III	0.06 ± <0.01	0.67 ± 0.04	45
Mix I + II + III	0.10 ± <0.01	1.50 ± 0.07	100
Glutamate family (E, Q, R, P)	NEG	0.69	46
Serine family (S, C, G)	NEG	0.56	37
Histidine	NEG	0.56	37
Aspartate family (D, M, N, T, I, K)	NEG	0.52	35
Pyruvate family (A, V, L)	NEG	0.53	35
Aromatic amino acid family (F, Y, W)	NEG	0.52	35
All amino acids except:
Pyruvate family	NEG	1.43	95
Histidine	NEG	1.29	86
Aromatic amino acid family	NEG	1.25	83
Aspartate family	NEG	1.17	78
Serine family	NEG	1.13	75
Glutamate family	NEG	0.79	53

^aMean values and standard deviations are shown for experiments with three replicates, and mean values are shown for experiments with two replicates.

^bBiomass obtained with supplementation of all amino acids set as 100%.

^cNEG, no exponential growth observed.