Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 5.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Paediatr Dent. 2013 Sep 4;24(3):215–225. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12064

Table 3.

Association between composite-resins present at follow-up and changes from baseline in immune function (β estimates)a

Flowable Compositesb
(Preventive)		 Non-Flowable Compomerb
(Restorative)		 Non-Flowable Compositeb
(Restorative)
Follow-up visit: 6 mo. 1 year 5 years 6 mo. 1 year 5 years 6 mo. 1 year 5 years
No. participants 53 38 43 53 38 43 53 38 43
No. with any treated surfaces: 39 32 41 31 22 4 19 15 25
  No. surfaces, mean±sdc 5.2±2.9 5.9±3.2 10.6±6.1 7.2±5.2 6.3±5.1 6.5±7.1 4.5±3.4 3.9±3.1 5.3±3.0
Total White Blood Cell Count (× 106) −0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 −0.1 0.4 −0.1 0.1 0.1
    Lymphocytes 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0
    Granulocytes −0.2 0.1 0.1 −0.1 −0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1
    Monocytes 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lymphocyte Function
    T-cell function
     %CD69 + PHA 1.1* 0.7 0.1 −0.6 −0.2 −1.4* 0.8 0.6 −0.3
     %CD25 + PHA 0.4 1.2 0.4 −0.6 −0.1 −0.6 1.2 1.4 −0.4
    B-cell function
     %CD69 + PWM −0.8 −0.4 0.6 −0.2 −0.2 −0.4 1.6* 1.7 0.3
     %CD23 + PWM −2.5 −0.1 0.5 0.2 −0.8 0.5 2.1 2.8 0.4
Monocyte Function
    %DHE + PMA −0.9 −1.3 0.9 0.9 1.5 −0.3 −3.1* −0.8 0.5
    %Rho + PMA −0.2 −0.4 0.8 1.2 0.6 −0.2 −2.4 −0.4 0.1
Neutrophil Function
    %DHE + PMA −0.3 −0.3 −0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 −0.6 −0.3 0.1
    %Rho + PMA −0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.4 −0.1 0.7 0.2
a

From multivariable models adjusting for each type of material (number of surfaces currently treated with sealant/preventive resin restoration, compomer, or composite), age, time from baseline visit, study site, baseline blood lead level, and parent-reported asthma or allergy.

b

Flowable composite was used for sealants on sound surfaces and for preventive resin restorations on shallow decay. Non-flowable UDMA-based compomer (polyacid-modified composite) was used for primary tooth restorations. Non-flowable standard bisGMA-based minifill composite was used for permanent tooth restorations. Materials were not used exclusively in each child; most children received treatment with more than one type of resin-composite.

c

Among children with that type of resin-composite material present in the mouth at that time point, the mean ± standard deviation number of composite-treated surfaces present.

*

P<0.05.

Abbreviations: PHA=phytohemagglutinin; PWM=pokeweed mitogen; PMA=phorbol myristate acetate.