Table 1.

Potential inhibitors of Wnt3a

Tissue type	Cell line(s)	Potential inhibitor(s) of Wnt3a	Reference(s)
Breast cancer	EpRas MDA-MB-231, T-47D MDA-MB-231 MCF-7	Knockdown of MARCKS-related protein Niclosamide and silibinin Kallistatin Deep-sea water β-estradiol Knockdown of FAK protein	[88] [111, 112] [99] [114] [49] [95]
Colon cancer	SW480	MEK inhibitor PD98059, genistein, and wortmannin	[100]
Gastric cancer	Gastric cancer cells	Receptor for activated protein kinase C	[103]
Leukemia	U937	Cordycepin	[107]
Liver cancer	Huh-7	Variant 3 of collagen XVIII HS20	[89] [96]
Multiple myeloma	OPM-2, and MM patients’ plasma cells	DKK1	[92]
Melanoma	A375 and A2058	Loss of FAM129B	[94]
Prostate cancer	C4-2B PC-3 and DU145	Axin Niclosamide and silibinin	[79] [111, 112]
Renal carcinoma	ACHN	Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 small interfering RNA	[93]
Teratocarcinoma	F9 NT2	RGS19 All-trans-retinoic acid	[104] [115]
HEK293	HEK293	Etinoic acid Variant 3 of collagen XVIII Purified recombinant frizzled cysteine-rich domain MEK inhibitor PD98059, genistein, and wortmannin Aspirin and norcantharidin Hexachlorophene Demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin Mesd C-terminal region peptide and full-length Mesd protein A diterpenoid derivative, 15-oxospiramilactone Niclosamide and silibinin Magnolo l	[49] [89] [98] [100] [108] [109] [110] [105] [106] [111, 112] [116]
Embryos	Cytotrophoblasts Neural plate	DKK1 Knockdown of FAK	[15] [95]
B lymphopoiesis	CD133+CD10−CD10+ cells	DKK1	[30]
Fibroblasts	NIH3T3	Chondroitin sulfate-E	[97]
Osteoblasts Osteoblast-like cells	Osteoblasts Saos-2, MG63, C2C12, and hFOB1.19 C2C12	DKK1 DKK1 Mesd C-terminal region peptide	[90] [91, 92] [105]

MARCKS myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate, FAK focal adhesion kinase, MEK mitogen activated and extracellular regulated kinase, HS20 a human monoclonal antibody against GPC3, GPC3 glypican-3, DKK1 Dickkopf-related protein 1, FAM129B family with sequence similarity 129, member B, RGS19 regulator of G-protein signaling 19