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. 2015 Sep 16;2(9):150135. doi: 10.1098/rsos.150135

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© 2015 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 3. — Treatment comparison when prey can choose to forage in groups. Allowing prey to decide whether they wish to be in the group produces very similar results compared to when they are forced to group. In homogeneous groups, prey choose to spend most of their time in the group. However, grouping breaks down (alongside vigilance) in heterogeneous groups of semelparous prey. This occurs despite there being no direct penalty assessed for choosing to group. Error bars indicate bootstrapped 95% CIs over 100 replicates; some error bars are too small to be visible.