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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 5.
Published in final edited form as: Integr Biol (Camb). 2015 Oct 5;7(10):1109–1119. doi: 10.1039/c5ib00070j

Table I.

Stress experimentally measured at cadherin adhesions

Stiffness of the cadherin surface Cadherin (Cell type) ref
1 kPa 8.5-9 kPa 34 kPa 95 kPa 120 kPa
Stress developed at cadherin adhesions - 150 pN/μm2 1300 pN/μm2 4 nN/μm2 4 nN/μm2 N-cad (C2C12) [22, 23]
<10 pN/μm2 - 500 pN/μm2 - - N-cad (MDA-MB-435) [64]
43 pN/μm2 - 160 pN/μm2 - - E-cad (MDCK, DLD) [62]
<10 pN/μm2 - 550 pN/μm2 - - E-cad (MDCK) [64]
- 100 pN/μm2 - - - E-cad (MDCK) [63]

Measurements have been obtained for cells spread on deformable cadherin-coated substrates of controlled stiffness, either micropillars [22, 23] or polyacrymamide gels [62-64]. As a matter of comparison, 1 kPa is equivalent to lung tissue stiffness [62], and stiffness of renal tissue ranges from 4.3 to 6.8 kPa from the cortex to the renal sinus [109].