Figure 1.

miRNAs regulate multiple facets of type 2 cell function. They act in diverse cellular processes from (a) survival/proliferation to (b) differentiation/polarization to (c) effector and tissue responses. This enables miRNAs to have robust effects on allergic immune responses. Although much work remains to identify and understand the target gene networks through which miRNAs act, common themes have emerged including miRNA regulation of (b) transcription factors in differentiation/polarization and (c) signal transduction pathways in effector responses. Continued investigations offer the opportunity to both expand our understanding of how miRNAs act through multiple downstream targets to regulate immune responses and also identify novel pathways important for allergic inflammation.