Table 5.

Fasting lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, insulin, glucose, HbA_1c and HOMA IR Index in the total study group (n 68) during the 6-week dietary supplementation with quercetin or placebo* (Mean values and standard deviations)

	Quercetin (n 68)							Placebo (n 68)
	Baseline		Endpoint		Mean change		P value intra-group	Baseline		Endpoint		Mean change		P value intra-group	P value inter-group	Treatment difference
	Mean	sd	Mean	sd	Mean	sd	comparison	Mean	sd	Mean	sd	Mean	sd	comparison	comparison	Mean	sd
Serum TAG (mmol/l)	1·81	1·09	1·83	1·37	+0·03	0·98	0·848	1·76	1·25	1·72	1·37	−0·04	0·68	0·241	0·628	+0·07	1·18
Serum total cholesterol (mmol/l)	5·44	1·12	5·38	1·12	−0·06	0·58	0·395	5·45	1·13	5·38	1·09	−0·08	0·55	0·257	0·874	+0·02	0·89
Serum HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)	1·39	0·38	1·36	0·37	−0·03	0·19	0·238	1·38	0·34	1·38	0·35	−0·00	0·14	0·929	0·406	−0·03	0·25
Serum LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)	3·45	0·90	3·41	0·91	−0·04	0·43	0·459	3·52	0·95	3·38	0·88	−0·14	0·41	0·008	0·193	+0·10	0·63
Serum apo B (g/l)	1·05	0·26	1·04	0·25	−0·02	0·12	0·257	1·05	0·26	1·04	0·25	−0·02	0·12	0·233	0·864	+0·00	0·18
Serum apo A1 (g/l)	1·63	0·28	1·60	0·26	−0·03	0·17	0·128	1·62	0·26	1·60	0·27	−0·02	0·13	0·240	0·824	−0·01	0·23
Plasma glucose (mmol/l)	5·08	0·68	5·11	0·58	+0·02	0·47	0·526	5·18	0·63	5·13	0·71	−0·03	0·51	0·671	0·400	+0·07	0·71
Serum insulin (pmol/l)	47·82	33·62	46·60	35·86	−1·22	24·48	0·649	51·15	38·75	46·39	38·85	−4·75	26·14	0·079	0·197	+3·53	39·16
HOMA IR index	1·57	1·34	1·51	1·32	−0·05	0·92	0·911	1·72	1·42	1·52	1·41	−0·17	0·99	0·071	0·226	+0·13	1·41
HbA1c (%)	5·66	0·43	5·68	0·45	+0·02	0·19	0·366	5·70	0·42	5·66	0·38	−0·03	0·18	0·146	0·105	+0·05	0·27

HOMA IR, homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.

^*The two groups did not differ significantly with regard to any of the variables at baseline (paired Student’s t tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests).