Cumulative adverse event rates are greater for patients treated with intravenous (IV) epoetin (Epo) versus subcutaneous (SC) Epo. Kaplan–Meier life table analysis of time to an adverse composite event (death or hospitalization for congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarcation, or cerebrovascular accident) during 2 years of follow up for patients treated with IV (black lines) versus SC Epo (gray lines). (A) All patients (n=60,013; P<0.001). (B) Hemoglobin (Hgb) ≤11.5 g/dl (n=29,669; P<0.001). (C) Hgb>11.5 g/dl (n=30,344; P<0.001).