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Examples of Chinese aspectual adverbs that refer to past, present and future. The aspectual adverbs are italics.
| Aspect/Modal | Reference to | |
|---|---|---|
| zai xie [is writing] | Dynamic imperfective/progressive | Present |
| xie zhe [is writing] | Static imperfective/durative | Present |
| xie le [wrote] | Perfective | Past |
| xie guo [once wrote] | Experiential perfective | Past |
| yao xie [will write] | Modal | Future |
| hui xie [is going to write] | Modal | Future |
