Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants of NHANES 2001–2008 with CKD according to diabetes and albuminuric status.
| Characteristics | Diabetes Mellitus
|
Without Diabetes Mellitus
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normoalbuminuric CKD
|
Albuminuric CKD
|
Normoalbuminuric CKD
|
Albuminuric CKD
|
|
| mean (95% CI) | mean (95% CI) | mean (95% CI) | mean (95% CI) | |
| N=298 | N=277 | 893 | 333 | |
| Age, years | 71 (69–73) | 72 (70–74) | 71 (70–72) | 73 (70–74) |
| gender, % female | 58 (52–65) | 52 (46–59) | 65 (61–70) | 52 (44–60)a |
| Ethnicity, % | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 78 (73–83) | 71 (65–78) | 92 (89–94)b | 79 (74–85)a |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 13 (9–17) | 16 (10–21) | 4 (3–5)c | 12 (8–17)a |
| Other | 9 (6–12) | 13 (7–19) | 5 (3–6)c | 8 (4–12) |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 133 (130–136) | 146 (142–151)b | 133 (131–135) | 146 (143–149)a |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 61 (59–64) | 65 (62–68) | 66 (65–68)b | 67 (63–70) |
| Low Density Lipoprotein (mg/dl) | 109 (103–115) | 98 (89–107) | 116 (111–121) | 109 (101–117) |
| High Density Lipoprotein (mg/dl) | 51 (49–53) | 49 (47–51) | 56 (54–57)b | 54 (52–57) c |
| Body mass index, % ≥30 | 50 (43–56) | 50 (43–57) | 26 (23–29)b | 27 (21–33)c |
| Mean arterial pressure, % ≥105mmHg | 8 (5–12) | 19 (13–24)b | 9 (7–11) | 27 (21–32)a |
| History of cardiovascular disease, % | 38 (31–45) | 56 (49–63)b | 27 (24–31) | 39 (33–46)ac |
| History of antihypertensive treatment, % | 97 (94–99) | 97 (95–99) | 87 (83–91)b | 91 (88–95) |
| RAAS inhibitors | 44 (37–51) | 53 (47–60) | 28 (25–32)b | 35 (28–41)c |
| Beta blockers | 39 (32–46) | 46 (39–54) | 29 (26–33) | 35 (28–42) |
| Diuretics | 36 (30–43) | 43 (35–51) | 27 (24–30) | 35 (27–42) |
| Estimated GFR, ml/min/1.73m2 | 49 (48–50) | 42 (40–44)b | 50 (50–51) | 44 (43–45)a |
CKD=chronic kidney disease defined as eGFR<60ml/min/1.73m2; RAAS=renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system; GFR=glomerular filtration rate
a
Nonoverlapping confidence intervals with the nondiabetic normoalbuminuric CKD group.
b
Nonoverlapping confidence intervals with the diabetic normoalbuminuric CKD group.
c
Nonoverlapping confidence intervals with the diabetic albuminuric CKD group.