. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.

Published in final edited form as: Addiction. 2014 Sep 12;110(1):71–79. doi: 10.1111/add.12704

Table 2.

Chi-square and chi-square change for factor invariance tests for each expectancy factor.

	χ²	df	Δχ²	d f	p for change
Cognitive improvement loadings free	58.2	48	––––	––––	––––
Cognitive improvement full factor invariance	69.4	54	11.2	6	.08
Arousal loadings free	57.9	48	-------	-------	-------
Arousal full factor invariance	75.5	54	17.6	6	.0073
Arousal partial factor invariance (loading for “angry” is free)	60.1	51	2.2	3	.53
Social/relaxation loadings free	698.5	344	-------	-------	-------
Social full factor invariance	767.9	362	69.2	18	.000
Social/relaxation partial factor invariance (loading for “Make friends”; “Meet friends” , and “Forget problems” are free)	711.6	353	13.1	9	.16