Table 1. Baseline Characteristics and Laboratory Results of Patients with Adrenal Cushing Syndrome and Cushing Disease.
| Characteristic | Adrenal Cushing syndrome (n=57) | Cushing disease (n=35) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis, yr | 40 (31-54) | 40 (28-54) | 0.834 |
| Female sex | 51 (89.5) | 28 (80.0) | 0.230 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.1 (21.6-27.0) | 23.6 (22.2-26.4) | 0.816 |
| 24-Hour UFC, nmol/day | 1,535 (1,004-3,022) | 1,199 (611-1,961) | 0.136 |
| Serum cortisol, nmol/L | 499 (417-624) | 593 (397-712) | <0.001 |
| ACTH, pmol/L | 3.1 (0.2-4.7) | 22.2 (12.1-29.9) | <0.001 |
| DHEA-S, nmol/L | 677 (453-1,982) | 6,321 (3,610-8,850) | 0.001 |
| Serum cortisol after LDST, nmol/L | 535 (430-601) | 290 (212-444) | 0.001 |
| UFC after LDST, nmol/day | 1,311 (806-2,324) | 312 (146-624) | 0.001 |
| Percentage suppression of serum cortisol after HDST, % | -0.7 (-13.3 to 17.5) | 88.5 (62.6-92.8) | <0.001 |
| Percentage suppression of UFC after HDST, % | -3.1 (-78.2 to 24.0) | 94.4 (88.9-97.4) | <0.001 |
| Patients with repeated ACTH measurement | 29 (50.9) | 18 (51.4) | 0.959 |
| Mass size (adrenal or pituitary), mm | 18.5 (10.0-30.0) | 2.2 (0.1-5.0) | |
| Patients with adrenal carcinoma | 1 (1.8) | - | |
| Patients with pituitary adenoma of >10 mm | - | 3 (8.6) |
Values are expressed as median (interquartile range) or number (%).
UFC, urinary free cortisol; ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; DHEA-S, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; LDST, low-dose dexamethasone suppression test; HDST, high-dose dexamethasone suppression test.