Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Subjects in the Longitudinal Study
| Noninfection (n = 28,465) | Infection (n = 14,243) | CDI (n = 387) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr, mean (SD) | 76.8 (9.0) | 78.3 (9.5) | 79.6 (8.4) |
| Male, n (%) | 12,244 (43.7%) | 5,695 (40.0%) | 159 (41.1%) |
| Self-reported race, n (%) | |||
| White | 23,307 (81.9%) | 11,470 (80.5%) | 312 (80.6%) |
| Black/African American | 4,562 (16.0%) | 2,447 (17.2%) | 69 (17.8%) |
| Self-reported Hispanic ethnicity, n (%) | 2,008 (7.1%) | 1,185 (8.3%) | 30 (7.8%) |
| Self-reported education, n (%) | |||
| No degree | 10,042 (35.3%) | 5,792 (40.7%) | 150 (38.8%) |
| General Education Development | 1,251 (4.4%) | 668 (4.7%) | 13 (3.4%) |
| High school diploma | 12,470 (43.8%) | 5,930 (41.6%) | 174 (45.0%) |
| College degree (2- or 4-yr) | 3,135 (11.0%) | 1,266 (8.9%) | 39 (10.1%) |
| Master or professional degree | 1,567 (5.5%) | 587 (4.1%) | 11 (2.8%) |
| Self-reported wealth, n (%) | |||
| Net negative or zero assets | 1,412 (5.0%) | 1,101 (7.7%) | 38 (9.8%) |
| Quartile 1 | 4,860 (17.1%) | 3,036 (21.3%) | 61 (15.8%) |
| Quartile 2 | 5,142 (18.1%) | 2,819 (19.8%) | 92 (23.8%) |
| Quartile 3 | 5,521 (19.4%) | 2,454 (17.2%) | 64 (16.5%) |
| Quartile 4 | 5,674 (19.9%) | 2,129 (15.0%) | 60 (15.5%) |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Congestive heart failure | 9,889 (34.7%) | 6,338 (44.5%) | 193 (50.1%) |
| Kidney disease | 4,563 (16.0%) | 3,039 (21.3%) | 111 (28.7%) |
| Liver disease | 1,133 (4.0%) | 676 (4.8%) | 26 (6.7%) |
| Metastatic cancer | 1,352 (4.8%) | 742 (5.2%) | 20 (5.2%) |
| Diabetes with complication | 3,987 (14.0%) | 2,651 (18.6%) | 86 (22.2%) |
| Functional disability | |||
| Limitations of ADLs, median (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) |
| Limitations of IADLs, median (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) |
Definition of abbreviations: ADL = activities of daily living; CDI = Clostridium difficile infection; IADL = instrumental activities of daily living; IQR = interquartile range.