Table 1.

Associations between sucrose intake (by biomarker or 7 d diet diary (7DD)), BMI and waist circumference (WC) after three years of follow-up at the second health check among men and women (n 1734) aged 39–77 years, Norfolk cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Norfolk)

	Sucrose intake and biomarker in separate models						Sucrose intake and biomarker in the same model
	BMI (kg/m2) adjusted for age			WC (cm) adjusted for age and height			BMI (kg/m2) adjusted for age			WC (cm) adjusted for age and height
	β	95 % CI	P	β	95 % CI	P	β	95 % CI	P	β	95 % CI	P
Men (n 797)
Biomarker*	0·09	−0·13, 0·31	0·442	0·42	−0·22, 1·06	0·195	0·22	0·00, 0·45	0·052	0·82	0·17, 1·46	0·013
Intake†	−1·18	−1·67, −0·69	<0·001	−3·35	−4·78, −1·93	<0·001	−1·30	−1·81, −0·79	<0·001	−3·79	−5·25, −2·33	<0·001
Women (n 937)
Biomarker*	0·40	0·14, 0·65	0·002	0·85	0·24, 1·46	0·007	0·50	0·25, 0·76	<0·001	1·12	0·52, 1·73	<0·001
Intake†	−1·60	−2·25, −0·96	<0·001	−4·19	−5·75, −2·64	<0·001	−1·80	−2·45, −1·15	<0·001	−4·63	−6·19, −3·07	<0·001
Sex-adjusted (n 1734)
Biomarker*	0·25	0·08, 0·43	0·004	–		–	0·38	0·21, 0·55	<0·001	–		–
Intake†	−1·40	−1·81, −0·99	<0·001	–		–	−1·57	−1·99, 1·16	<0·001	–		–

Data are shown with biomarker and intake in separate models as well as in the same model. Regression coefficients β and 95 % confidence intervals were determined by linear regression. Biomarker and intake data were log-transformed before analysis.

^*Urinary sucrose, adjusted by specific gravity.

^†7DD sucrose intake, energy-adjusted (g/MJ).