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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Prog Lipid Res. 2015 Jun 11;59:106–125. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2015.05.002

Table 2. Transcriptomic biomarkers of NAFLD.

CoA, coenzyme A; CYP, cytochrome P450; CD36, cluster of differentiation; HFD, high-fat diet; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; PTPN, tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor; VPA, valproic acid.

Species Upregulated genes Downregulated genes Reference
Human Steatotic liver

  • - Single immunoglobulin domain-containing IL1R-related molecule

  • - Likely ortholog of mouse signaling intermediate in Toll pathway-evolutionarily conserved

  • - Toll interacting protein

 [253]
Steatotic liver

  • - Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10

  • - Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 23

 [254]
Mouse VPA-induced liver steatosis

  • - CYP4A14

  • - CYP4A10

  • - Glucose-6-phosphatase

  • - Protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, δ

 [47]
VPA-induced liver steatosis

  • - CYP4A14

  • - Fibroblast growth factor 21

  • - Glutathione S-transferase A2

  • - Flavin containing monooxygenase 3

 [176]
Tamoxifen-induced liver steatosis

  • - Androgen receptor

  • - Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 1

  • - Hepatocyte nuclear factor α 4

  • - Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor 1 α

 [85]
Linoleic acid isomer-induced liver steatosis in ApolipoproteinE-deficient mouse

  • - Lymphocyte antigen 6D

  • - Fat-specific protein 27

  • - Aquaporin 4

  • - Uridine kinase 1

  • - Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1

  • - CD36

  • - CYP7B1

  • - Trefoil factor 3 intestinal

  • - Synaptotagmin 1

  • - 3-ketosteroid reductase

 [250]
Tetracycline-induced liver steatosis in mouse

  • - Choline kinase α

  • - CYP2A12

  • - CYP2C38

  • - Elongation of very long chain fatty acids

  • - Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit type 2 γ

  • - Insulin induced gene 2

  • - Protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3C)

  • - Prostaglandin D2 synthase 21kDa

 [71]
Liver of C57BL/6J mice fed a HFD, ob/ob mice and db/db mice

  • - Decorin

  • - Epithelial membrane protein 1

  • - IκB kinase β interacting protein

 [251]
Liver of Ptpn6 knock-out mice

  • - PPARγ

 [252]