Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Cases With Type 2 Diabetes and Control Subjects Free of Diabetes Matched by Gender and Age
| Cases | Controls | |
|---|---|---|
| All | (n = 170 504) | (n = 1 364 007) |
| Men | 89 237 (52.3%) | 713 887 (52.3%) |
| Women | 81 267 (47.7%) | 650 120 (47.7%) |
| Age (median, IQR) | 62 (51–71) | 62 (51–71) |
| Exposure to antibiotics (any) | ||
| 0–1 redemptions | 36 314 (21.3%) | 376 550 (27.6%) |
| 2–4 redemptions | 47 184 (27.7%) | 409 901 (30.1%) |
| ≥5 redemptions | 87 006 (51.0%) | 577 556 (42.3%) |
| Income | ||
| <24 444 USD | 90 015 (52.8%) | 602 291 (44.2%) |
| 24 444–44 069 USD | 69 089 (40.5%) | 615 345 (45.1%) |
| 44 070–66 105 USD | 8384 (4.9%) | 108 334 (7.9%) |
| ≥66 105 USD | 2826 (1.7%) | 37 762 (2.8%) |
| Unknown | 190 (0.1%) | 275 (0.0%) |
| Drug exposure | ||
| Glucocorticoids | 24 821 (14.6%) | 161 228 (11.8%) |
| Oral contraceptives | 13 923 (8.2%) | 121 745 (8.9%) |
| Statins | 31 777 (18.6%) | 125 479 (9.2%) |
| Antipsychotics | 4179 (2.5%) | 15 712 (1.2%) |
| Thiazides | 14 857 (8.7%) | 60 006 (4.4%) |
| Charlson index | ||
| None (0) | 112 500 (66.0%) | 995 998 (73.0%) |
| Low (1) | 29 899 (17.5%) | 183 867 (13.5%) |
| High (≥2) | 28 105 (16.5%) | 184 142 (13.5%) |
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.