Table 2.

Gene Ontology analysis based on immunomodulatory function-associated genes upregulated in IFN-γ-treated MSC cultures

Gene Ontology Category_Biological Process	Total number of genes	Number of upregulated genes	Enrichment	P value
GO:0006952_defense response	9245	75	16.99	<0.001
GO:0006954_inflammatory response	2365	40	16.99	<0.001
GO:0009611_response to wounding	4854	49	16.99	<0.001
GO:0019882_antigen processing and presentation	1111	26	8.85	<0.001
GO:0006955_immune response	6130	39	8.85	<0.001
GO:0005125_cytokine activity	1242	22	5.85	<0.001
GO:0050863_regulation of T-cell activation	1122	17	3.74	<0.001
GO:0042981_regulation of apoptotic process	7118	44	3.58	<0.001
GO:0002819_regulation of adaptive immune response	536	10	2.73	<0.001
GO:0045088_regulation of innate immune response	852	9	2.33	<0.001

Microarray analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of IFN-γ pre-treatment on MSCs. Upregulated genes in MSC cultures pre-treated with IFN-γ were sorted on the basis of gene expression profiles (fold change > 2 and P value < 0.05) and classified according to their related biological processes based on Gene Ontology terms by using DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.7

IFN-γ interferon-gamma, MSC mesenchymal stem cell, DAVID Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery