Table 4. Factors associated with reported ever use of alcohol among young people in northern Tanzania.
| Secondary school students | College and university students | Employed in local industries | Casual labourers | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Categories | Number reporting ever use (n = 164) | Crude estimates | Adjusted estimates | Number reporting ever use (n = 280) | Crude estimates | Adjusted estimates | Number reporting ever use (n = 210) | Crude estimates | Adjusted estimates | Number reporting ever use(n = 295) | Crude estimates | Adjusted estimates |
| OR (95%CI) | AOR1 (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | AOR2 (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | AOR3 (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | AOR4 (95%CI) | ||||||
| Area | Rural | 78(29.8) | 1 | 1 | 120(45.8) | 1 | 1 | 118(52.9) | 1 | 1 | 168(64.4) | 1 | 1 |
| Urban | 86(33.7) | 0.83[0.46–1.68] | 1.70[1.06–5.22] | 160(60.8) | 1.54[0.65–3.25] | 1.95[0.92–2.79] | 92(46.0) | 0.76[0.43–2.11] | 0.85[0.51–2.31] | 127(55.7) | 0.70[0.44–1.66] | 0.67[0.42–1.53] | |
| Region | Mwanza | 53(20.7) | 1 | 1 | 130(49.8) | 1 | 1 | 70(34.2) | 1 | 1 | 124(52.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Kilimanjaro | 111(42.5) | 4.61[3.07–6.37] | 4.36[2.71–9.21] | 150(56.8) | 0.82[0.36–2.31] | 0.77[0.49–1.89] | 140(64.2) | 3.46[1.75–6.17] | 5.28[2.62–11.61] | 171(68.1) | 1.97[0.99–3.01] | 3.53[1.73–5.58] | |
| Sex | Female | 63(24.1) | 1 | 1 | 111(42.2) | 1 | 1 | 58(47.2) | 1 | 1 | 23(53.5) | 1 | 1 |
| Male | 101(39.5) | 2.81[2.12–3.36] | 3.18[2.64–4.66] | 169(64.5) | 2.73[2.60–3.09] | 4.00[2.39–5.17] | 152(50.7) | 1.15[0.75–2.08] | 1.25[0.66–2.62] | 272(61.0) | 1.36[0.56–12.27] | 2.67[0.28–30.27] | |
| Age | 15–19 | 136(30.0) | 1 | 1 | 5(41.7) | 1 | 1 | 22(37.9) | 1 | 1 | 98(50.3) | 1 | 1 |
| 20–24 | 28(43.8) | 1.73[1.11–2.63] | 1.06[0.75–2.03] | 275(53.6) | 1.31[0.44–1.33] | 0.64[0.26–0.64] | 188(51.5) | 1.74[1.12–3.89] | 1.66[0.98–3.26] | 197(67.0) | 2.01[1.34–2.93] | 1.59[0.78–2.46] | |
| Marital status | Single | 116(24.1) | 1 | 1 | 100(47.6) | 1 | 1 | 76(41.5) | 1 | 1 | 169(56.0) | 1 | 1 |
| In relationship | 48(56.5) | 4.72[2.91–6.27] | 4.29[2.35–8.88] | 180(57.1) | 2.06[1.20–2.58] | 2.65[1.12–3.84] | 134(51.9) | 1.78[1.12–2.91] | 1.84[1.07–3.66] | 126(67.4) | 1.63[1.33–2.16] | 1.26[0.93–1.84] | |
| Disposable cash in a month | Below median for the group | 69(24.7) | 1 | 1 | 131(43.1) | 1 | 1 | 100(47.4) | 1 | 1 | 140(56.2) | 1 | 1 |
| Above median for the group | 95(39.9) | 2.80[1.18–4.56] | 1.78[1.31–5.12] | 149(67.4) | 2.28[1.31–9.20] | 2.14[1.00–10.82] | 110(51.9) | 1.2[0.78–2.04] | 0.88[0.40–1.61] | 155(64.6) | 1.42[1.11–2.06] | 1.24[0.73–2.13] | |
| Siblings drink alcohol | No | 76(21.4) | 1 | 1 | 106(40.0) | 1 | 1 | 125(44.8) | 1 | 1 | 145(51.1) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 88(54.7) | 4.31[3.46–5.30] | 3.95[2.74–7.31] | 174(66.9) | 2.26[1.67–4.63] | 1.81[1.16–4.29] | 85(59.0) | 1.77[1.15–2.81] | 1.54[0.83–2.81] | 150(73.2) | 2.61[1.53–3.60] | 1.87[0.95–2.75] | |
| Religion | Muslim | 18(19.5) | 1 | 1 | 21(33.3) | 1 | 1 | 38(45.2) | 1 | 1 | 60(49.2) | 1 | 1 |
| Catholic | 74(39.2) | 2.56[0.74–4.92] | 2.73[1.09–4.99] | 135(62.2) | 4.61[1.76–7.08] | 6.36[1.39–12.50] | 110(56.1) | 1.55[0.93–2.44] | 2.02[1.20–4.04] | 165(70.8) | 2.51[1.36–4.31] | 2.58[1.56–5.00] | |
| Protestants | 72(30.8) | 1.79[1.00–2.85] | 2.06[0.83–3.1] | 124(50.6) | 2.50[0.70–4.61] | 3.25[0.63–7.09] | 61(43.9) | 0.95[0.59–1.40] | 1.01[0.53–1.66] | 68(52.3) | 1.13[0.57–1.96] | 1.08[0.45–2.07] | |
| Life time sexual partners | 0–1 | 135(28.5) | 1 | 1 | 123(40.2) | 1 | 1 | 71(41.3) | 1 | 1 | 86(44.8) | 1 | 1 |
| 2 and more | 29(67.4) | 6.46[3.93–15.08] | 2.21[1.15–9.67] | 157(71.7) | 3.49[3.17–4.11] | 1.68[1.27–3.43] | 139(55.4) | 1.77[1.14–3.63] | 2.69[1.65–5.49] | 209(70.4) | 2.93[2.25–4.38] | 3.10[2.15–5.40] | |
All OR and AOR are adjusted for the survey design.
AOR1- adjusted for location, sex, age, marital status, income, having siblings who drink alcohol, religion and number of lifetime partners.
AOR2- adjusted for location, sex, marital status, disposable cash, having siblings who drink alcohol, religion and number of life time partners.
AOR3- adjusted for location, sex, age, marital status, disposable cash, having siblings who drink alcohol, religion and number of lifetime partners.
AOR4 -adjusted for location, sex, age, marital status, disposable cash, having siblings who drink alcohol, religion and number of life time partners.