Table 2. Clinical and laboratory findings of 145 patients with pulmonary MDR-TB and 145 patients with drug-sensitive pulmonary TB.
| Characteristic(s) | Multidrug-resistant TB | Drug-sensitive TB | Odds ratio (95%CI) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | no. (%) | n | no. (%) | |||
| Previous pulmonary TB status | ||||||
| Number of prior TB | 145 | 145 | < 0.001 | |||
| ≤ 1 episode | 99 (68.3) | 143 (98.6) | Reference | |||
| ≥ 2 episodes | 46 (31.7) | 2 (1.4) | 33.22 (7.88−140.04) | |||
| Prior anti-TB regimen | 140 | 22 | 0.012 | |||
| Cat I regimen | 93 (66.4) | 21 (95.5) | Reference | |||
| Non-Cat I regimen | 47 (33.6) | 1 (4.5) | 10.61 (1.38−81.34) | |||
| Known outcome of TB | 136 | 18 | 0.036 | |||
| Cure or complete | 28 (20.6) | 8 (44.4) | Reference | |||
| Failure or default | 108 (79.4) | 10 (55.6) | 3.09 (1.12−8.54) | |||
| Presentation of present pulmonary TB | ||||||
| Duration of illness | 135 | 143 | < 0.001 | |||
| ≤ 60 days | 55 (40.7) | 104 (72.7) | Reference | |||
| > 60 days | 80 (59.3) | 39 (27.3) | 3.88 (2.34−6.42) | |||
| Body mass index | 119 | 120 | 0.052 | |||
| ≥ 18.0 kg/m2 | 69 (58.0) | 85 (70.8) | Reference | |||
| < 18.0 kg/m2 | 50 (42.0) | 35 (29.2) | 1.76 (0.99−3.12) | |||
| Cough | 145 | 145 | < 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 117 (80.7) | 139 (95.9) | Reference | |||
| No | 28 (19.3) | 6 (4.1) | 5.54 (2.22−13.85) | |||
| Fever | 145 | 145 | < 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 49 (33.8) | 86 (59.3) | Reference | |||
| No | 96 (66.2) | 59 (40.7) | 2.86 (1.77−4.60) | |||
| Hemoptysis | 145 | 145 | 0.027 | |||
| Yes | 13 (9.0) | 27 (18.6) | Reference | |||
| No | 132 (91.0) | 118 (81.4) | 2.32 (1.15−4.71) | |||
| Laboratory findings | ||||||
| Sputum AFB smear | 145 | 145 | < 0.001 | |||
| 1+ | 11 (7.6) | 41 (28.3) | Reference | |||
| 2+ | 28 (19.3) | 81 (55.9) | 1.29 | |||
| 3+ | 106 (73.1) | 23 (15.9) | 17.18 | |||
| Abnormal chest radiological finding(s) | ||||||
| Abnormal findings | 145 | 145 | < 0.001 | |||
| 1 pattern | 39 (26.9) | 103 (71.0) | Reference | |||
| ≥ 2 patterns | 106 (73.1) | 42 (29.0) | 6.66 (3.99−11.14) | |||
| Reticulo-nodular | 145 | 145 | 0.900 | |||
| No | 46 (31.7) | 48 (33.1) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 99 (68.3) | 97 (66.9) | 1.06 (0.65−1.74) | |||
| Cavities | 145 | 145 | < 0.001 | |||
| No | 53 (36.6) | 111 (76.6) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 92 (63.4) | 34 (23.4) | 5.67 (3.40−9.45) | |||
| Consolidation | 145 | 145 | 0.203 | |||
| No | 95 (65.5) | 106 (73.1) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 50 (34.5) | 39 (26.9) | 1.43 (0.87−2.36) | |||
| Pleural effusion | 145 | 145 | 0.002 | |||
| No | 110 (75.9) | 131 (90.3) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 35 (24.1) | 14 (9.7) | 2.98 (1.52−5.82) | |||
| Atelectasis | 145 | 145 | 0.005 | |||
| No | 124 (85.5) | 139 (95.9) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 21 (14.5) | 6 (4.1) | 3.92 (1.53−10.03) | |||
| Nodules | 145 | 145 | 0.070 | |||
| No | 130 (89.7) | 139 (95.9) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 15 (10.3) | 6 (4.1) | 2.67 (0.94−7.98) | |||
| Reticular | 145 | 145 | 1.000 | |||
| No | 140 (96.6) | 140 (96.6) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 5 (3.4) | 5 (3.4) | 1.00 (0.28−3.53) | |||
| Adenopathy | 145 | 145 | 0.748 | |||
| No | 141 (97.2) | 139 (95.9) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 4 (2.8) | 6 (4.1) | 0.66 (0.18−2.38) | |||
MDR, multidrug-resistant; TB, tuberculosis; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; Cat, category; AFB, acid-fast bacilli.