Table 5. Multivariate logistic regression analysis for associated clinical and laboratory findings for the occurrence of pulmonary MDR-TB.

Characteristic(s)	Multivariate logistic regression analysis			P-value
	n	Odds ratio	95% CI
Clinical findings
Number of prior TB	278			< 0.001
≤ 1 episode		1.00	Reference
≥ 2 episodes		39.72	7.86−200.66
Duration of illness	278			0.002
≤ 60 days		1.00	Reference
> 60 days		3.08	1.52−6.22
Laboratory findings
Sputum AFB positive	278			< 0.001
1+		1.00	Reference
2+		1.02	0.36−2.94	0.968
3+		13.09	4.64−36.91	< 0.001
Abnormal chest radiological finding(s)
Cavities	278			< 0.001
No		1.00	Reference
Yes		3.82	1.89−7.73
Pleural effusion	278			0.038
No		1.00	Reference
Yes		2.75	1.06−7.16

Predictors entering the model: number of prior TB; duration of illness; sputum AFB positive; cavities; pleural effusion; atelectasis. MDR, multidrug-resistant; TB, tuberculosis; CI, confidence interval; AFB, acid fast bacilli.