Table 1.
Comparison of Energy-Adjusted Nutrientsa in a Macrobiotic Diet Plan with Intake in a Nationally Representative Sample
| Macrobiotic Dietb | NHANES Data- Menc |
NHANES Data – Womenc |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrient | Spring | Summer | Fall | Winter | Overall | ||
| Energy (kcal/day) | 1719 | 1227 | 1496 | 1332 | 1444 | 2733 | 1813 |
| % from Fat | 12.1 | 12.8 | 17.1 | 15.6 | 14.4 | 33.1 | 33.0 |
| % from Carbohydrate | 73.7 | 70.4 | 67.7 | 70.6 | 70.6 | 47.4 | 50.7 |
| % from Protein | 14.2 | 16.8 | 14.8 | 13.8 | 14.9 | 15.7 | 15.3 |
| Total SFA (g) | 2.5 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 12.0 | 12.0 |
| Total PUFA (g) | 6.6 | 6.8 | 9.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 8.4 |
| Total Omega-3 FA (g) | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
| Total Omega-6 FA (g) | 6.0 | 6.3 | 9.0 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 7.5 |
| PUFA 18:2 (linoleic acid) (g) | 6.0 | 6.3 | 8.9 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 7.4 |
| PUFA 20:4 (arachidonic acid)(g) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Omega-3:Omega-6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Total sugars (g) | 20.4 | 21.9 | 18.5 | 21.9 | 20.6 | 52.0 | 57.6 |
| Total Dietary Fiber (g) | 34.1 | 34.1 | 37.1 | 33.3 | 34.7 | 7.3 | 8.7 |
| Vitamin D (calciferol) (mcg) | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 2.5 |
| Folate (mcg) DFE | 293 | 273 | 512 | 334 | 355 | 249 | 266 |
| Thiamin (vitamin B1) (mg) | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| Riboflavin (vitamin B2) (mg) | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Niacin (vitamin B3) (mg) | 11.6 | 11.2 | 13 | 11.4 | 11.8 | 12.6 | 11.5 |
| Vitamin B6 (mg) | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) (mcg) | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 2.6 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 77.6 | 72.9 | 82.8 | 73.3 | 77.0 | 35.7 | 43.5 |
| Beta-Carotene (provitamin A) (mcg) | 9197 | 9289 | 10747 | 8718 | 9508 | 837 | 1204 |
| Alpha-Carotene (provitamin A)(mcg) | 2427 | 2588 | 2341 | 2099 | 2363 | 170 | 232 |
| Beta-Cryptoxanthin (provitamin A)(mcg) | 46.5 | 126.2 | 15.5 | 5.6 | 46.0 | 34.2 | 47.7 |
| Lutein+Zeaxanthin (mcg) | 8299 | 4710 | 6985 | 5437 | 6535 | 552 | 842 |
| Lycopene (mcg) | 1.9 | 1510.2 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 322.2 | 2812 | 2588 |
| Calcium (mg) | 429 | 438 | 416 | 371 | 414 | 442 | 506 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | 897 | 912 | 1027 | 936 | 943 | 654 | 673 |
| Iron (mg) | 12.4 | 11.3 | 14.7 | 12.0 | 12.7 | 6.9 | 7.5 |
| Zinc (mg) | 7.5 | 6.9 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 5.7 | 5.5 |
| Sodium (mg) | 2693 | 3169 | 4619 | 2574 | 3266 | 1669 | 1672 |
| Potassium (mg) | 1965 | 2061 | 2437 | 2002 | 2116 | 1228 | 1327 |
| DII score | −2.30 | −0.98 | −2.59 | −1.48 | −1.88 | 0.64 | 1.36 |
NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; SFA, saturated fat; PUFA, polyunsaturated fat; FA, fatty acid; DFE, dietary folate equivalents; DII, dietary inflammatory index
a
All nutrients energy adjusted to represent amount per 1000 kcal except for % calories from fat, carbohydrate, and protein.
b
Based on the Kushi Institute’s Way to Health
c
Data from the 2009–2010 NHANESWhat We Eat in America; average of age groups 30–39 and 40–49