Fig. 2.

Mean total power and power time courses. (A–E) Effects of slow RAS on total power in controls and in patients for the four therapeutic conditions. Top panels show time–frequency plots of the total power averaged across rhythmic auditory stimulation at 1, 1.5 and 2 Hz. Two peri-stimulus response components were identified in mean total power (A): (I) pre-stimulus power increase involving in particular beta frequencies (13–30 Hz, −70–0 ms); (II) an early power increase (4–80 Hz, 0–120 ms). Bottom panels show peri-stimulus total power time courses for the theta-, alpha-, beta- and gamma-band. (F–J) Effects of fast RAS on total power. Top panels show time–frequency plots of the total power averaged across rhythmic auditory stimulation at 4, 4.5 and 5 Hz. Boxes in (F) indicate the same two response components as in (A). Bottom panels show peri-stimulus total power time courses. The “fast RAS” group contains auditory pacing frequencies up to 5 Hz, i.e., with an inter-stimulus interval (ISI) of 200 ms. Note that the epochs plotted here are longer than ISIs for the “fast RAS” condition and thus contain responses to more than one stimulus. All time–frequency plots and power time courses display signal change (in %) relative to the average across the entire data epoch.