Table 4.
Odds ratios (95 % CI) | Odds ratios (95 % CI) |
|
---|---|---|
African-Americans versus Caucasians |
Hispanic versus Caucasians |
|
Age, a decade higher |
0.9 (0.7, 1.1) | 0.5 (0.4, 0.7) |
Sex | ||
Male | 0.5 (0.2, 1.3) | 1.8 (0.8, 3.8) |
Female | Ref | Ref |
BMI, 5 points higher |
1.2 (1.0, 1.4) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.2) |
Income | ||
≤$20,000 | 5.8 (1.8, 18.8) | 16.0 (4.1, 62.4) |
$20,001– $60,000 |
7.2 (2.6, 20.0) | 7.9 (2.2, 28.3) |
$60,001– $100,000 |
3.2 (1.1, 9.6) | 4.3 (1.1, 16.3) |
>$100,000 | Ref | Ref |
GERD | 0.4 (0.2, 0.7) | – |
Depression | 0.4 (0.2, 0.7) | – |
Anemia | 4.8 (2.4, 9.6) | – |
Results delineated in bold refers to statistically significant variables in the model at p < 0.05. Odds ratio refers to whether patients with that characteristic are more likely to belong to the minority group compared to the Caucasian group. When the demographics and significant co-morbidities were entered into the models, insurance and education were no longer significant and were dropped from the models