Table 1.
Distribution of the Study Population and Prevalence of Obesity and Extreme Obesity Among US Children Aged 2 Through 4 Years Living in Low-Income Families, 1998–2010
| Year | Overall, No. |
Age, Mean, mo |
Race/Ethnicity, %a
|
BMI, Mean (SD)b |
Prevalence, % (95% CI)
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Hispanic White |
Non-Hispanic Black |
Hispanic | American Indian/ Alaska Native |
Asian/ Pacific Islander |
Obesityb,c | Extreme Obesityb,d |
||||
| 1998 | 1 945 115 | 40.9 | 43.7 | 23.5 | 28.6 | 0.8 | 3.4 | 16.52 (1.88) | 13.05 (13.00–13.09) | 1.75 (1.73–1.77) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 1999 | 1 887 622 | 40.8 | 42.5 | 23.9 | 29.6 | 0.7 | 3.2 | 16.56 (1.90) | 13.58 (13.53–13.63) | 1.85 (1.83–1.87) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2000 | 1 869 593 | 40.6 | 42.6 | 22.7 | 30.5 | 0.8 | 3.4 | 16.62 (1.93) | 14.37 (14.32–14.42) | 2.02 (2.00–2.04) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2001 | 1 823 377 | 40.5 | 43.0 | 22.7 | 30.2 | 0.7 | 3.4 | 16.61 (1.93) | 14.32 (14.26–14.37) | 2.03 (2.01–2.05) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2002 | 1 887 032 | 40.5 | 42.9 | 22.4 | 30.7 | 0.7 | 3.4 | 16.65 (1.96) | 14.89 (14.84–14.94) | 2.15 (2.13–2.17) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2003e | 1 958 480 | 40.4 | 42.3 | 21.5 | 31.6 | 0.8 | 3.8 | 16.68 (1.97) | 15.21 (15.16–15.26) | 2.22 (2.20–2.24) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2004f | 2 014 085 | 40.5 | 42.4 | 21.7 | 31.5 | 0.8 | 3.6 | 16.70 (1.96) | 15.36 (15.31–15.41) | 2.22 (2.20–2.24) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2005 | 2 078 203 | 40.5 | 40.8 | 21.1 | 33.9 | 0.7 | 3.4 | 16.69 (1.95) | 15.13 (15.09–15.18) | 2.16 (2.14–2.18) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2006 | 2 042 050 | 40.4 | 38.9 | 20.5 | 36.5 | 0.8 | 3.3 | 16.70 (1.94) | 15.17 (15.12–15.22) | 2.15 (2.13–2.17) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2007 | 2 095 442 | 40.4 | 38.9 | 20.5 | 36.4 | 0.8 | 3.3 | 16.70 (1.94) | 15.23 (15.18–15.28) | 2.14 (2.12–2.16) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2008 | 2 249 621 | 40.4 | 38.9 | 20.6 | 36.5 | 0.8 | 3.2 | 16.71 (1.92) | 15.24 (15.19–15.29) | 2.10 (2.08–2.12) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2009 | 2 453 464 | 40.3 | 38.5 | 20.0 | 37.6 | 0.7 | 3.1 | 16.71 (1.92) | 15.12 (15.07–15.16) | 2.09 (2.07–2.11) |
|
| ||||||||||
| 2010 | 2 404 433 | 40.5 | 38.9 | 20.5 | 36.7 | 0.7 | 3.2 | 16.68 (1.92) | 14.94 (14.89–14.98) | 2.07 (2.05–2.09) |
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared).
Reported by parent or caregiver. The percentages describe the distribution of the study population.
Excluded missing, miscoded, or biologically implausible height, weight, and BMI. Because the distribution of weight, height, and BMI in the study population was skewed, we expanded the upper cutoff points for biological implausible z scores recommended by the World Health Organization to the following: height for age, −5.0 or less or greater than 5.0; weight for age, −5.0 or less or greater than 8.0; and BMI for age, −4.0 or less or greater than 8.0.
Defined as having a BMI for age and sex in the 95th percentile or greater according to 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts.
Defined as having a BMI for age and sex in the 120% or greater of the 95th percentile according to 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts.
Results of Joinpoint regression showed that the upward trends in the prevalence of obesity and extreme obesity ended in 2003.
Results of Joinpoint regression showed that the upward trend in mean BMI ended in 2004.