Table 1.

Summary of included studies

1st Author (year)	Program name	At-risk identifier	Program type	Program focus	Weekly contacta	N	Grade levelb	Study designc	Outcomes	Inclusion in past reviews
Arcaira et al. 2010	Citizen schools	High minority, low-income	National	Academic	Not specified	870	2	QED	EB: Suspensions; AT: Attendance	None
Biggart et al. 2013	Doodle Den	Low reading proficiency	Local	Academic	4	621	1	RCT	EB: Teacher reported ADHD Scale	None
Blumer and Werner-Wilson 2010	Pathways	History of high-risk behavior, high minority	Local	Non academic	4	37	4	QED	EB: CAFAS	None
Foley and Eddins 2001	Virtual Y	High % low income and minority	Local	Mixed	Not specified	5,915	1	QED	AT: Grade 4 attendance	Durlak et al.
Frazier et al. 2013	Project NAFASI	High % minority and low income	Local	Non academic	5	127	4	QED	EB: Aggression	None
Gottfredson et al. 2010a	All Stars	High % minority	Local	Non academic	4	447	2	RCT	EB: Last month drug use, disruptive behavior, aggression, delinquency	None
Gottfredson et al. 2004	Maryland after school community Grant	High % minority	Local	Non academic	4	349	4	QED	EB: Delinquency, rebellious, drug use	Durlak et al.
Hirsch et al. 2011	After school matters	High % minority and low income	Local	Mixed	4	535	3	RCT	EB: Alcohol, drug use, risky intercourse, steal < $50, Steal > $50, suspension, sell drugs, carry weapon, fights gang activity; AT: attendance	None
James-Burdumy et al. 2005, 2007, 2008	twentyfirst century community learning center	High % Minority	National	Not specified	5	2,288	1	RCT	EB: Suspensions; AT: Absences	Apsler Durlak et al. Roth et al.
James-Burdumy et al. 2005, 2008	twentyfirst century community learning centers	High % Minority	National	Not specified	4	3,831	2	QED	EB: Student-reported disciplinary referrals, teacher reported discipline; AT: Absences	Apsler Durlak et al. Roth et al.
LaFrance et al. 2001	Safe haven	High % minority and history of arrest	Local	Mixed	5	241	4	QED	AT: Attendance	None
Langberg et al. 2007	Challenging Horizons	Low academic achievement	Local	Academic	4	48	2	RCT	EB: Parent CGI; Parent IRS; Teacher IRS	None
Le et al. 2011	Roosevelt village center	High % minority	Local	Mixed	5	338	2	QED	EB: Truancy; delinquency; arrest	None
Molina et al. 2008	Challenging horizons	ADHD diagnosis	Local	Non academic	3	20	2	RCT	EB: Parent-externalizing; Adolescent- delinquency, maladjustment	None
Nguyen 2007	twentyfirst century community learning centers	Low academic achievement	National	Mixed	4	28,169	4	QED	EB: Disciplinary referrals, suspensions; AT: Absences	None
Oyserman et al. 2002	School to Jobs	High % minority and low-income	Local	Non academic	2	206	2	QED	EB: Self-report referrals; AT: Attendance	Durlak et al.
Pastchal-Temple 2012	twentyfirst century community learning centers	Low-income	National	Mixed	3	66	2	QED	EB: Disciplinary referrals; AT: Absences	None
Prenovost 2001	After school learning and safe neighborhoods Partnership	High % minority, low-income, LEPd	Local	Mixed	5	1,358	2	QED	AT: Absences	Durlak et al. Lauer et al. Roth et al.
Schinke et al. 2000	Boys and girls club	Low-income	National	Mixed	5	188	4	QED	EB: Behavioral incidences; AT: attendance	None
Sibley-Butler 2004	Twentyfirst century Community learning centers	High % low-income and minority	National	Not specified	Not specified	78	1	QED	EB: Discipline referrals; AT: Attendance	None
Smeallie 1997	Tutorial club	High % minority, academic failure	Local	Mixed	3	62	2	RCT	AT: Attendance	Lauer et al.
Tebes et al. 2007	Positive youth Development collaborative	High % minority	Local	Non academic	Not specified	304	4	QED	EB: Alcohol, marijuana, other drug use	Durlak et al.
Weisman et al. 2003	Maryland after school community Grant	High % minority	Local	Mixed	4	1,068	4	QED	EB: Rebellious behavior; delinquency; drug use; AT: days absent	Durlak et al. Zief et al.
Welsh et al. 2002	The After school corporation	High % minority and low-income	Local	Not specified	5	68,214	4	QED	AT: Attendance	Lauer et al. Scott-Little et al.

^aWeekly contact: 1 = less than weekly; 2 = weekly; 3 = 2 times per week; 4 = 3–4 times per week; 5 = 5 times per week

^bGrade level: 1 = elementary; 2 = middle; 3 = high; 4 = mix

^cQED quasi-experimental design, RCT randomized controlled trial

^dLEP limited english proficiency