Table 3. Gender-specific PNF between-group weighted mean ESs for drinks per week.
| Sample size | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Subgroup | FU Wks | PNF | Control | d between (95% CI) |
| Curtis (2005) | 6 | 34 | 47 | 0.108 (-0.334, 0.549) | |
| LaBrie, Lewis, Atkins, Neighbors, Zheng, Kenney, Napper, Walter, Kilmer, Hummer, Grossbard, Ghaidarov, Desai, Lee, and Larimer (2013) | 4 | 184 | 184 | 0.050 (-0.154, 0.255) | |
| Lewis (2005) | Females | 4 | 32 | 27 | 0.651 (0.125, 1.176) |
| Lewis (2005) | Males | 4 | 33 | 30 | 0.751 (0.239, 1.262) |
| Lewis, Neighbors, Oster-Aaland, Kirkeby, Larimer (2007) | 20 | 75 | 88 | 0.429 (0.117, 0.741) | |
| Lewis, Patrick, Litt, Atkins, Kim, Blayney, Norris, George, Larimer (2014) | 12 | 119 | 121 | 0.290 (0.035, 0.544) | |
| Neighbors, Jensen, Tidwell, Walter, Fossos, Lewis (2011) | 12 | 141 | 140 | 0.181 (-0.053, 0.416) | |
| Summary effect (k = 7) | 618 | 637 | 0.284 (0.117, 0.451) | ||
Note. Positive between-group effect sizes (d between) indicate improved outcome for treatment groups compared to control. Bold font indicates statistically significant weighted mean ES. PNF = Personalized Normative Feedback; FU Wks = number of weeks from baseline to first follow-up; k = number of interventions; CI = confidence interval.