Table 2.
Rates of fibrosis improvement in patients with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis treated with lamivudine, entecavir, or tenofovir
| Ref. | Publication year | Nucleos(t)ide | No. of patients | Treatment duration | Cirrhosis percentage | Improvement ratio of fibrosis |
| Honkoop et al[8] | 1997 | LAM (25 mg, 100 mg, 300 mg) | 13 | 6 mo | Not described | No difference in fibrosis was observed |
| Lai et al[3] | 1998 | LAM (25 mg, 100 mg, placebo) | 358 | 52 wk | 5% | 25 mg (n = 72) 5%14 |
| 100 mg (n = 142) 2.5%14 | ||||||
| Placebo (n = 143) 0%14 | ||||||
| Suzuki et al[9] | 1999 | LAM (100 mg) | 20 | 52 wk | 0% | All patients (n = 20) 35%1 |
| Dienstag et al[10] | 2003 | LAM (100 mg, placebo) | 63 | 1 yr + additional 2 yr | 17% | Bridging fibrosis (HAI fibrosis score of 3; n = 19) |
| 63% (1 yr + additional 2 yr)2 | ||||||
| Cirrhosis (HAI fibrosis score of 4; n = 11) 45.5% (1 yr)2; 72.7% (1 yr + additional 2 yr)2 | ||||||
| Schiff et al[12] | 2008 | LAM (100 mg) | 245 | 48 wk | Not described5 | ETV (n = 120) HBeAg+ 57%3 |
| Entecavir (0.5 mg) | HBeAg- 59%3 | |||||
| LAM (n = 125) | ||||||
| HBeAg+ 49%3 | ||||||
| HBeAg- 53%3 | ||||||
| Chang et al[13] | 2010 | ETV (0.5 mg) | 57 | 48 wk, long-term (range: 3-7 yr, median: 6 yr) | 7% | All patients (n = 57) 32% (48 wk)3 |
| 88% (long-term)3 | ||||||
| Cirrhosis (n = 4) | ||||||
| 100% (long-term)3 | ||||||
| Marcellin et al[14] | 2012 | TDF | 348 | 5 yr | 28% | All patients (n = 348) |
| 51% (5 yr)3 | ||||||
| Cirrhosis (n = 97) 74% (5 yr)3 |
1
Fibrosis improvement was defined as an HAI fibrosis score decrease of at least 1-point;
2
Bridging fibrosis improvement was defined as achieving an HAI fibrosis score of 0 or 1. Cirrhosis improvement was defined as achieving an HAI fibrosis score of 0, 1, or 3;
3
Fibrosis improvement was defined as a decrease in the Ishak fibrosis score of at least 1-point;
4
Approximate value estimated from the published graph;
5
All patients had advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis (Ishak fibrosis scores of 4-6). LAM: Lamibudine; ETV: Entecavir; TDF: Tenofovir; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; HAI: Histologic activity index.