Table 1.
Patients’ sociodemographic and clinical characteristics at enrolment
| Disease condition |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Descriptive variables | Whole sample | Hepatitis | Cirrhosis | HCC | OLT |
| N (%) | 1088 (100) | 652 (59.9) | 222 (20.4) | 85 (7.8) | 129 (11.9) |
| Age, mean (minimum–maximum) | 57.6 (18.9–89.5) | 56.1 (18.9–83.1) | 61.1 (36.0–82.4) | 65.0 (37.4–89.5) | 54.8 (18.9–71.8) |
| Male, % | 62 | 59.5 | 57.7 | 76.5 | 72.9 |
| Aetiology, N (%)* | |||||
| HCV | 563 (52.2) | 346 (53.1) | 115 (53.2) | 53 (64.6) | 49 (38.0) |
| HBV | 312 (28.9) | 221 (33.9) | 42 (19.4) | 12 (14.6) | 37 (28.7) |
| Other causes*† | 204 (18.9) | 85 (13.0) | 59 (27.4) | 17 (20.8) | 43 (33.3) |
| Alcohol, N (%)* | |||||
| ≥1 glass at meals | 196 (18.7) | 157 (25.1) | 23 (10.7) | 8 (9.6) | 8 (6.5) |
| Drug misuse, N (%)* | |||||
| Past or current | 93 (8.9) | 62 (10.0) | 16 (7.6) | 7 (8.6) | 8 (6.4) |
| Smoking habits, N (%)* | |||||
| Past or current | 498 (47.1) | 283 (44.7) | 109 (50.5) | 44 (53.7) | 62 (49.6) |
| Education, N (%)* | |||||
| Primary | 392 (36.6) | 211 (32.8) | 105 (48.4) | 38 (45.2) | 38 (29.9) |
| Lower Secondary | 377 (35.2) | 250 (38.8) | 59 (27.2) | 23 (27.4) | 45 (35.4) |
| Upper secondary | 243 (22.7) | 149 (23.1) | 40 (18.4) | 20 (23.8) | 34 (26.8) |
| Graduate/postgraduate | 60 (5.6) | 34 (5.3) | 13 (6.0) | 3 (2.3) | 10 (12.0) |
| Marital status, N (%)* | |||||
| Married | 744 (74.7) | 445 (44.7) | 151 (15.2) | 59 (5.9) | 89 (8.9) |
| Single | 144 (14.5) | 89 (8.9) | 19 (1.9) | 9 (0.9) | 27 (2.7) |
| Widow/widower | 63 (6.3) | 29 (2.9) | 27 (2.7) | 4 (0.4) | 3 (0.3) |
| Divorced | 44 (4.4) | 18 (1.8) | 11 (1.1) | 6 (0.6) | 9 (0.9) |
| Working status, N (%)* | |||||
| Paid job | 546 (53.8) | 373 (60.2) | 91 (45.5) | 25 (31.6) | 57 (49.1) |
| Unpaid job | 26 (2.6) | 16 (2.6) | 4 (2) | 2 (2.5) | 4 (3.4) |
| Retired‡ | 287 (28.3) | 150 (24.2) | 66 (33) | 39 (49.4) | 32 (27.6) |
| Unemployed | 57 (5.6) | 30 (4.8) | 12 (6.0) | 4 (5.1) | 11 (9.5) |
| Student | 7 (0.7) | 3 (0.5) | 0 | 0 | 4 (3.4) |
| Housewife | 14 (1.4) | 7 (1.1) | 7 (3.5) | 0 | 0 |
*Up to 128 patients reported missing data in one or more items: percentages were estimated excluding patients with data missing.
†Other causes included: hepatitis virus co-infections, alcoholic liver disease, cholestatic disease, autoimmune disease.
‡Thirty-five retired patients declared they also had a paid job, five were housewives, four had an unpaid job and one was unemployed. These patients were included in these categories and excluded from the ‘retired’ category.
HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV, hepatitis C virus; OLT, orthotopic liver transplantation.