Table 4.
Thirty-day mortality and corresponding adjusted HRs with 95% CIs in subgroups of patients with different preoperative serum albumin concentrations undergoing surgery because of colorectal cancer
| Serum albumin concentration |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤25 g/L |
26–30 g/L |
31–35 g/L |
36–40 g/L |
>40 g/L |
||||||
| 30-Day mortality* % (n) |
Adjusted HR† (95% CI) |
30-DAy mortality* % (n) |
Adjusted HR† (95% CI) |
30-Day mortality* % (n) |
Adjusted HR† (95% CI) |
30-Day mortality* % (n) |
Adjusted HR† (95% CI) |
30-Day mortality* % (n) |
Ref. group |
|
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Male | 30.1 (43) | 8.23 (4.49 to 15.09) | 24.5 (91) | 5.79 (3.45 to 9.71) | 10.3 (87) | 2.68 (1.65 to 4.35) | 5.2 (86) | 1.73 (1.11 to 2.71) | 1.9 (37) | 1.00 |
| Female | 25.2 (65) | 6.79 (3.65 to 12.63) | 15.3 (63) | 4.28 (2.39 to 7.65) | 8.5 (76) | 2.29 (1.39 to 3.92) | 4.5 (63) | 1.64 (0.99 to 2.72) | 2.0 (29) | 1.00 |
| Cancer site | ||||||||||
| Colon | 29.8 (90) | 6.68 (4.01 to 11.14) | 18.4 (110) | 3.96 (2.47 to 6.34) | 9.2 (112) | 2.05 (1.32 to 3.20) | 5.2 (96) | 1.43 (0.94 to 2.19) | 2.4 (41) | 1.00 |
| Rectum | 18.2 (18) | 8.90 (3.77 to 21.05) | 23.8 (44) | 10.76 (5.40 to 21.44) | 9.6 (51) | 3.83 (2.06 to 7.12) | 4.4 (53) | 2.52 (1.44 to 4.41) | 1.5 (25) | 1.00 |
| Cancer stage | ||||||||||
| Localised | 17.7 (22) | 4.22 (2.14 to 8.36) | 16.7 (42) | 4.02 (2.25 to 7.19) | 7.2 (48) | 2.08 (1.24 to 3.46) | 4.8 (62) | 1.74 (1.10 to 2.73) | 2.1 (32) | 1.00 |
| Regional | 25.5 (25) | 11.01 (4.44 to 27.33) | 15.1 (31) | 5.88 (2.65 to 13.07) | 7.8 (36) | 3.90 (1.88 to 8.11) | 3.7 (31) | 2.11 (1.05 to 4.25) | 1.2 (13) | 1.00 |
| Metastasised | 38.7 (46) | 10.61 (4.72 to 23.88) | 27.9 (60) | 6.58 (3.05 to 14.18) | 11.8 (43) | 2.64 (1.25 to 5.58) | 5.7 (30) | 1.53 (0.74 to 3.19) | 2.9 (10) | 1.00 |
| Year of surgery | ||||||||||
| 1997–2005 | 29.8 (78) | 4.40 (2.52 to 7.67) | 20.4 (95) | 3.03 (1.82 to 5.05) | 8.2 (82) | 1.39 (0.85 to 2.28) | 4.5 (68) | 1.05 (0.66 to 1.68) | 3.1 (28) | 1.00 |
| 2006–2011 | 21.6 (30) | 10.11 (5.17 to 19.79) | 18.5 (59) | 8.49 (4.84 to 14.92) | 11.0 (81) | 4.90 (2.94 to 8.15) | 5.2 (81) | 2.81 (1.76 to 4.49) | 1.6 (38) | 1.00 |
| Type of surgery | ||||||||||
| Open radical resection | 24.8 (66) | 5.32 (3.26 to 8.68) | 16.2 (94) | 3.43 (2.21 to 5.30) | 8.6 (118) | 2.03 (1.37 to 3.01) | 4.9 (120) | 1.52 (1.06 to 2.18) | 2.2 (57) | 1.00 |
| Laparoscopic radical resection | 0 | –- | 14.3 (1) | – | 7.7 (5) | 9.13 (1.32 to 63.34) | 3.3 (9) | 3.19 (0.74 to 13.78) | 0.7 (4) | 1,00 |
| Non-eradicative resection | 32.1 (42) | 44.40 (9.48 to 207.97) | 29.8 (59) | 30.81 (6.91 to 41.59) | 13.0 (40) | 9.35 (2.10 to 41.59) | 6.2 (20) | 4.43 (0.98 to 20.05) | 1.9 (5) | 1,00 |
| Comorbidity | ||||||||||
| Low | 23.7 (49) | 7.87 (4.05 to 15.26) | 15.9 (60) | 5.39 (2.96 to 9.82) | 6.6 (61) | 1.91 (1.08 to 3.37) | 2.8 (49) | 1.22 (0.72 to 2.06) | 1.3 (28) | 1.00 |
| Moderate | 29.9 (40) | 9.36 (4.65 to 18.83) | 23.0 (64) | 6.68 (3.59 to 12.45) | 10.9 (64) | 3.31 (1.86 to 5.86) | 6.6 (64) | 2.10 (1.24 to 3.58) | 2.9 (27) | 1.00 |
| High | 31.7 (19) | 6.91 (2.45 to 19.53) | 23.3 (30) | 4.77 (1.91 to 11.94) | 17.0 (38) | 3.55 (1.51 to 8.34) | 10.7 (36) | 2.84 (1.25 to 6.43) | 4.1 (11) | 1.00 |
| Marital status | ||||||||||
| Married | 27.3 (47) | 11.09 (5.95 to 20.66) | 20.1 (72) | 6.70 (3.83 to 11.74) | 8.3 (71) | 3.52 (2.11 to 5.89) | 3.7 (64) | 1.72 (1.06 to 2.79) | 1.5 (31) | 1.00 |
| Never married | 25.0 (10) | 10.50 (1.72 to 64.07) | 27.3 (15) | 5.58 (1.05 to 29.76) | 8.0 (11) | 1.26 (0.27 to 5.87) | 6.0 (13) | 2.29 (0.59 to 8.79) | 2.3 (5) | 1.00 |
| Other | 27.0 (51) | 5.75 (3.03 to 10.92) | 18.1 (67) | 4.15 (2.32 to 7.41) | 10.8 (81) | 2.23 (1.30 to 3.81) | 6.5 (72) | 1.76 (1.06 to 2.91) | 3.0 (30) | 1.00 |
| Creactive protein‡, mg/L | ||||||||||
| ≤10.0 | 14.3 (2) | 5.33 (1.06 to 26.83) | 9.5 (7) | 1.81 (0.57 to 5.76) | 6.2 (20) | 1.88 (0.88 to 4.00) | 4.1 (41) | 1.48 (0.82 to 2.67) | 1.6 (29) | 1.00 |
| 10.1–20.0 | 13.8 (4) | 4.31 (0.87 to 21.32) | 9.7 (7) | 1.91 (0.53 to 6.85) | 12.2 (27) | 3.09 (1.21 to 7.86) | 6.7 (27) | 1.93 (0.83 to 4.50) | 3.6 (11) | 1.00 |
| 20.1–50.0 | 23.6 (17) | 7.47 (2.22 to 25.08) | 21.0 (38) | 7.26 (2.40 to 22.00) | 9.6 (33) | 3.38 (1.18 to 9.70) | 5.6 (22) | 1.88 (0.67 to 5.31) | 2.7 (5) | 1.00 |
| >50.0 | 29.3 (72) | 4.19 (0.97 to 18.12) | 26.5 (89) | 3.63 (0.86 to 15.35) | 13.4 (53) | 1.36 (0.32 to 5.85) | 10.6 (26) | 1.44 (0.33 to 6.25) | 8.1 (3) | 1.00 |
| MELD§ | ||||||||||
| <10 | 23.2 (41) | 7.06 (3.61 to 13.80) | 18.1 (60) | 5.20 (2.87 to 9.42) | 9.2 (66) | 2.74 (1.60 to 4.71) | 4.5 (59) | 1.63 (0.99 to 2.69) | 1.9 (33) | 1.00 |
| ≥10 | 43.4 (33) | 9.22 (3.27 to 25.97) | 43.4 (42) | 8.62 (3.17 to 23.42) | 19.2 (23) | 2.75 (1.03 to 7.32) | 15.5 (31) | 2.36 (0.94 to 5.92) | 6.3 (8) | 1.00 |
*Calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
†Mutually adjusted for gender, age (both as a continuous and a categorical variable), type of admission, operation year (calendar year), county, cancer site, cancer stage (excluded patients with stage ‘unknown’), comorbidity level, alcohol-related disease, liver disease, marital status, haemoglobin, sodium, potassium and creatinine (number of observations with complete data=8033).
‡Patients with preoperative C reactive protein measurement=6841.
§Patients with preoperative MELD=5018.
MELD, Model for End-stage Liver Disease; Ref., reference.