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. 2015 May 8;4(5):e001614. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.114.001614

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Reverse remodeling in stem cell-treated cardiomyopathy. Pressure overload imposed upon Kir6.2-deficient hearts [TAC-iPS(−)] induced pathological remodeling, which affected beyond the LV (A), the LA (B and C) with thrombosis (D), in line with LV systolic and diastolic failure. Stem cell therapy administered at an early stage of disease [TAC-iPS(+)] prevented increases in LV dimension (E) and volume (F and G). *P<0.05 vs. TAC(−); †P<0.05 vs. TAC-iPS(−). In (A) bar, 100 ms or 2 mm. In (B) yellow arrows, LA dimensions in short-axis view; arrow heads, thrombus in LA. Ao indicates aorta; CI, confidence interval; iPs, iPS, induced pluripotent stem; LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; LVDd (yellow dotted arrow in A), LV end-diastolic dimension; LVDs (yellow solid arrow in A), LV end-systolic dimension; PA, pulmonary artery; TAC, transverse aortic constriction.