Table 2.
Retrospective Analysis of the Characteristics of the Study Participants
| Without HT (n =3496) | With Future HT (n =1027) | |
|---|---|---|
| Baseline data | ||
| Age, y | 52.9±10.8 | 58.4±10.2* |
| Body height, cm | 163.1±8.8 | 163.3±8.5 |
| Body weight, kg | 58.8±10.5 | 61.5±10.7* |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.0±2.8 | 23.0±2.9* |
| SBP, mm Hg | 116.7±12.1 | 126.3±10.2* |
| DBP, mm Hg | 72.4±8.0 | 77.9±7.5* |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 61.7±8.9 | 62.3±8.7‡ |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 0.75±0.15 | 0.77±0.17* |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 79.3±13.4 | 77.3±14.6* |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.3±1.3 | 5.6±1.3* |
| Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dL | 94.1±13.9 | 99.3±20.4* |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 119.8±27.4 | 122.5±28.6† |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 60.2±14.1 | 58.1±14.1* |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 103.1±63.1 | 120.6±98.2* |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 13.8±1.4 | 14.1±1.4* |
| Current smoking | 912 (26.1) | 265 (25.8) |
| Sodium intake, g/day | 4.1±1.3 | 4.5±1.3 |
| Follow-up data | ||
| Follow-up period, days,median (IQR) | 1428 (1088 to 1460) | 726 (366 to 1088) * |
| Yearly increase in sodium intake, g/day per year§ | 0.02±0.36 | 0.11±0.85* |
| Yearly increase in SBP, mm Hg/year§ | –0.2±3.5 | 6.2±9.8* |
| Yearly increase in DBP, mm Hg/year§ | –0.1±2.5 | 3.2±7.1* |
Values are mean±SD or the number (percentage) of participants, except as noted. BMI indicates body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HT, hypertension; IQR, interquartile range; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
P<0.001,
P<0.01,
P<0.05 vs without HT (unpaired Student t test, chi-square test [current smoking], or Mann–Whitney U test [follow-up period]).
In participants who started antihypertensive medication during the study period, yearly changes in sodium intake, SBP, and DBP were calculated using data before the prescription of antihypertensive drugs.