Table 2.

Risk-Adjusted Odds of Readmission and Death at 30 Days

Characteristic	Odds of Readmission at 30 Days	95% CI	Odds of Death at 30 Days	95% CI
Sex (male)	1.09	1.02 to 1.18	1.20	1.00 to 1.44
Married	1.05	0.98 to 1.01	0.96	0.80 to 1.15
Active DNR order	0.75	0.70 to 0.80	2.46	2.06 to 2.93
Active DNH order	0.53	0.38 to 0.73	2.58	1.89 to 3.53
Hospice care	0.36	0.18 to 0.70	1.78	1.12 to 2.82
Acute hospital LOS	1.01	1.00 to 1.02	0.90	0.88 to 0.92
Feeding tube	1.21	1.09 to 1.35	0.69	0.54 to 0.89
Bowel incontinence	1.16	1.06 to 1.28	1.44	1.16 to 1.80
Bladder incontinence	0.92	0.85 to 1.00	1.09	0.90 to 1.34
Urinary tract infection	1.10	1.02 to 1.19	0.92	0.77 to 1.11
Dementia	0.92	0.85 to 0.99	0.90	0.75 to 1.07
Alzheimer dementia	0.87	0.76 to 0.99	0.90	0.69 to 1.18
CHF	1.17	1.08 to 1.27	1.30	1.08 to 1.57
COPD	1.26	1.16 to 1.38	0.83	0.65 to 1.06
Depression	0.90	0.83 to 0.98	0.789	0.647 to 0.961
Diabetes	1.09	1.01 to 1.16	1.04	0.87 to 1.25
Renal disease	1.26	1.13 to 1.42	1.52	1.17 to 1.55
C. difficile infection*	1.32	0.97 to 1.77	0.80	0.32 to 2.03
Elixhauser score	1.03	1.00 to 1.06	1.02	0.96 to 1.08
Urinary catheter	1.13	1.04 to 1.22	1.33	1.09 to 1.61
Hypotension	1.36	1.04 to 1.78	1.37	0.72 to 2.64
Stage 4 pressure ulcer	1.33	1.09 to 1.62	0.93	0.58 to 1.50
CHESS score
0 (Low intensity)	Ref.
1	0.54	0.50 to 0.60	0.91	0.70 to 1.19
2	0.56	0.52 to 0.61	1.08	0.86 to 1.38
3	0.57	0.52 to 0.63	1.53	1.21 to 1.94
4	0.59	0.50 to 0.68	2.12	1.61 to 2.79
5 (High intensity)	0.23	0.05 to 1.04	3.22	1.45 to 7.18
Social engagement score
0 (Not engaged)	Ref.
1	0.85	0.77 to 0.95	0.65	0.53 to 0.79
2	0.81	0.73 to 0.91	0.45	0.35 to 0.57
3	0.77	0.68 to 0.86	0.36	0.27 to 0.48
4	0.68	0.59 to 0.77	0.37	0.26 to 0.53
5	0.67	0.55 to 0.82	0.32	0.15 to 0.66
6 (Very engaged)	0.71	0.55 to 0.92	0.37	0.15 to 0.92

Covariates included were age, race, sex, education level, non-native English speaker, active tobacco use, do not resuscitate order, do not hospitalize order, hospice care, guardianship status, acute hospital length of stay, bowel incontinence, bladder incontinence, indwelling urinary catheter, body mass index, marital status, type 2 diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, hypotension, hypertension, arthritis, hip fracture, Alzheimer dementia, dementia, aphasia, hemiparesis, paraplegia, seizure, anxiety disorder, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, retinopathy,anemia,cancer, chronic renal disease, recent infection, sepsis, C. difficile infection,pneumonia, urinary tract infection, gastric feeding tube, tracheostomy, activities of daily living index, cognitive performance scale,³⁷ communication scale, pressure ulcer scale, CHESS comorbidity index,³⁸ Elixhauser score,³¹ social engagement scale³⁶ (italicized variables not significant in univariate analysis). CHESS indicates changes in health, end-stage disease, symptoms, and signs score; CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DNH, do not hospitalize; DNR, do not resuscitate; LOS, length of stay.

^*Infections are documented if they occurred within 7 days of the assessment.