Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of All Patients
| All | PAC ≤76/day | PAC >76/day | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n=5371 | n=3299 | n=2072 | P Value | |
| Baseline characteristics | ||||
| Age, mean±SD | 61.76±18.57 | 56.55±18.29 | 70.06±15.79 | <0.001 |
| Men | 3222 (60.0) | 1765 (53.5) | 1457 (70.3) | <0.001 |
| Cirrhosis | 28 (0.5) | 18 (0.5) | 10 (0.5) | 0.755 |
| Prior MI | 31 (0.6) | 13 (0.4) | 18 (0.9) | 0.025 |
| Valvular heart disease | 103 (1.9) | 68 (2.1) | 35 (1.7) | 0.359 |
| Cardiovascular risk factor | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 530 (20.2) | 299 (9.1) | 231 (11.1) | 0.013 |
| Hypertension | 1911 (35.6) | 989 (30.0) | 922 (44.5) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 687 (12.8) | 467 (9.4) | 220 (10.5) | 0.298 |
| Heart failure | 253 (4.7) | 127 (3.8) | 126 (6.1) | <0.001 |
| LVEF | 44.59±13.06 | 43.71±13.40 | 45.49±12.70 | 0.118 |
| NYHA I | 135 (53.4) | 67 (52.8) | 68 (54.0) | 0.847 |
| NYHA II | 59 (23.3) | 28 (22.0) | 31 (24.6) | 0.631 |
| NYHA III | 57 (22.5) | 30 (23.6) | 27 (21.4) | 0.676 |
| NYHA IV | 2 (0.8) | 2 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.157 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1580 (29.4) | 875 (26.5) | 705 (34.0) | <0.001 |
| CKD | 57 (1.1) | 30 (0.9) | 27 (1.3) | 0.174 |
| Congenital heart disease | 6 (1.1) | 5 (0.2) | 1 (0.0) | 0.270 |
| Medication | 621 (11.6) | 348 (10.5) | 273 (13.2) | 0.003 |
| Anti-arrhythmia* | 28 (0.5) | 13 (0.4) | 15 (0.7) | 0.102 |
| Anti-hypertension† | 1050 (19.5) | 526 (16.0) | 524 (25.2) | <0.001 |
| PAC, mean±SD | 252±565 | 19±20 | 643±780 | <0.001 |
| Follow-up, days | 3334±221 | 3332±221 | 3338±221 | 0.377 |
Values are number of events (%) unless otherwise indicated. CKD indicates chronic kidney disease; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PAC, premature atrial complex.
*
Class I or class III antiarrhythmic drugs.
†
Dihydropyrimidine calcium channel blocker, nondihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blocker, diuretics, β-blocker, and α-blocker.