Table 7.

Clinical Outcomes, Quality Metrics, and Resource Utilization Among the Subset of Patients Admitted to Cardiology-Specific ICUs

Event	LMIV Patients (n=60)	HMIV Patients (n=12 907)	P Value
Adverse cardiovascular events in ICU*
Other acute coronary syndrome, %	8	4	0.054
Cardiac arrest, %	2	2	0.96
Atrial arrhythmia, %	8	4	0.08
Ventricular arrhythmia, %	3	2	0.49
Cardiogenic shock, %	10	2	<0.001
Hypotension, %	8	2	0.001
Adverse noncardiovascular events*
Sepsis, %	3	<1	<0.001
Pneumonia, %	0	1	0.39
Respiratory failure, %	18	4	<0.001
Acute renal failure, %	12	3	<0.001
Gastrointestinal bleeding, %	0	1	0.40
Disposition from ICU
Home, %	3	<1	<0.001
Hospital floor, %	75	66	0.12
Telemetry floor, %	3	9	0.12
Step-down unit, %	3	5	0.65
Other ICU, %	8	5	0.19
ICU quality indicators
At risk for venous thromboembolism, %	52	43	0.18
At risk for venous thromboembolism and receiving prophylaxis, %	100	89	0.048
Ventilated >24 hours at risk for stress ulcers, %	15	2	<0.001
Ventilated >24 hours receiving stress ulcer prophylaxis, %	100	97	0.61
β-Blockers contraindicated despite AMI, %	26	9	0.002
β-Blockers prescribed among AMI patients without contraindications, %	88	86	0.76
ST-elevation AMI treated with mechanical or thrombolytic revascularization within 24 hours, %	82	88	0.44
eICU® resource utilization
eICU physician interventions per day	0.4±1.4	0.4±1.5	0.86
eICU non-physician interventions per day	0.2±0.6	0.3±0.8	0.49

AMI indicates acute myocardial infarction; eICU®, remote ICU monitoring system; HMIV and LMIV, high and low annual volume of acute myocardial infarction, respectively; ICU, intensive care unit.

^*Occurring within 24 hours of ICU admission.