Table 3.
Event Rates and Risk Ratios According to Age and Sex
| Event | All | Sex | Age, y | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women | Men | Risk Ratio Crude | Risk Ratio Adjusted | <65 | ≥65 | Risk Ratio Crude | Risk Ratio Adjusted | ||
| Death* | 110 | 86 | 118 | 0.73 (0.61 to 0.86) | 0.67 (0.56 to 0.80) | 67 | 133 | 1.91 (1.62 to 2.26) | 1.55 (1.30 to 1.86) |
| Hospitalization for all causes* | 438 | 421 | 445 | 0.95 (0.86 to 1.06) | 0.93 (0.83 to 1.05) | 370 | 480 | 1.25 (1.13 to 1.38) | 1.07 (0.96 to 1.18) |
| Hospitalization for heart failure* | 111 | 102 | 114 | 0.91 (0.77 to 1.08) | 0.82 (0.68 to 0.98) | 84 | 127 | 1.41 (1.19 to 1.66) | 1.25 (1.05 to 1.49) |
| Complications† | 8.36% | 10.74% | 7.52% | 1.43 (1.12 to 1.96) | 1.38 (1.01 to 1.90) | 7.15% | 9.10% | 1.30 (0.98 to 1.72) | 1.17 (0.86 to 1.59) |
Fully adjusted multivariable models included the following variables for each outcome in addition to accounting for clustering of patients by Cardiovascular Research Network site. Death: left ventricular ejection fraction, etiology of cardiomyopathy (ischemic vs non-ischemic), New York Heart Association symptom classification, blood urea nitrogen, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hypertension, chronic lung disease, hemoglobin, QRS duration, ICD device type, ACE/ARB therapy, and beta blocker. All-cause hospitalization: left ventricular ejection fraction, etiology of cardiomyopathy (ischemic vs nonischemic), New York Heart Association symptom classification, race, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hypertension, lung disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate, blood urea nitrogen, hemoglobin, ICD device type, QRS duration, ACE/ARB therapy, and beta blocker. Heart failure hospitalization: left ventricular ejection fraction, etiology of cardiomyopathy (ischemic vs nonischemic), New York Heart Association symptom classification, race, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hypertension, lung disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate, blood urea nitrogen, hemoglobin, ICD device type, QRS duration, ACE/ARB therapy, and aldosterone antagonist. Complications: left ventricular ejection fraction, etiology of cardiomyopathy (ischemic vs non-ischemic), New York Heart Association symptom classification, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, blood urea nitrogen, hemoglobin, ICD device type, left bundle branch block, and QRS duration. ACE indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.
Rates expressed as incidence per 1000 patient-years; ratios expressed as hazard ratios with 95% CIs.
Rates expressed as proportions; ratios expressed as odds ratios with 95% CIs.