Table 1.
Clinical and biological characteristics of the study population
| Cases (n = 263) | Controls (n = 514) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60.3 (8.0) | 59.0 (8.3) | 0.04 |
| Education (years of schooling) | 9.6 (3.0) | 13.1 (4.3) | 0.001 a |
| Alcohol (g/day) | 28.8 (28.5) | 23.8 (24.1) | 0.09 a |
| Tobacco consumption number (pack/year) | 41.5 (37.9) | 17.2 (21.3) | 0.001 a |
| Physical activity (%) | 0.001 | ||
| No | 27.4 | 18.5 | |
| Medium | 61.6 | 45.9 | |
| High | 11.0 | 35.6 | |
| Waist (cm) | 99.3 (10.7) | 95.3 (9.9) | 0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.5 (4.0) | 26.9 (3.6) | 0.04 |
| Total cholesterol (g/L) | 2.02 (0.38) | 2.24 (0.38) | 0.001 |
| HDL-cholesterol (g/L) | 0.43 (0.12) | 0.55 (0.13) | 0.001 |
| LDL-cholesterol (g/L) | 1.25 (0.34) | 1.45 (0.32) | 0.001 |
| Triglyceride (g/L) | 1.68 (0.89) | 1.21 (0.77) | 0.001 b |
| ApoA-I (g/L) | 1.23 (0.22) | 1.50 (0.24) | 0.001 |
| ApoB (g/L) | 1.04 (0.22) | 1.08 (0.22) | 0.03 |
| Lipoprotein (a) (g/L) | 0.47 (0.44) | 0.30 (0.37) | 0.001 b |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 17.2 (29.7) | 3.1 (5.1) | 0.001 a |
| Gamma glutamyl transferase (IU/L) | 62.8 (68.6) | 45.2 (56.8) | 0.001 a |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.93 (2.01) | 5.43 (1.06) | 0.19 a |
| Serum insulin (UI/L) | 15.9 (19.5) | 10.0 (8.1) | 0.001 a |
| HOMA-IR | 4.2 (4.8) | 2.6 (2.8) | 0.001 a |
| Metabolic syndrome (NCEP ATP-III %) | 48.5 | 17.7 | 0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 137.0 (20.2) | 137.4 (16.5) | 0.82 a |
| Resting heart rate (beat/mn) | 63.7 (11.5) | 62.8 (9.2) | 0.79 a |
| Ankle-arm index ≤0.9 (%) | 33.6 | 1.6 | 0.001 |
| Treatment for hypertension (%) | 44.1 | 19.6 | 0.001 |
| Treatment for diabetes (%) | 23.2 | 5.2 | 0.001 |
| Treatment for dyslipidemia (%) | 63.5 | 23.3 | 0.001 |
| s-RNY1-5p | 10.42 (12.33) | 1.32 (1.67) | 0.001 a |
| (RNY1-5p)1/7 | 1.33 (0.18) | 0.95 (0.19) | 0.001 |
| Quartiles RNY1-5p (%) | 0.001 | ||
| Q1 : <0.47 | 0.4 | 37.9 | |
| Q2 : 0.47–1.62 | 5.3 | 34.6 | |
| Q3 : 1.61–4.70 | 28.5 | 23.4 | |
| Q4 : >4.70 | 65.8 | 4.1 |
Data are expressed as mean (±SD) or percentage (%)
a Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test
b Analyses performed on log transformed data
ApoA-I, Apolipoprotein A-I; ApoB, Apolipoprotein B; hs-CRP, High sensitive C-reactive protein; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance; NCEP ATP-III, National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III report