Skip to main content
. 2015 Oct 9;10(10):e0137055. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137055

Table 5. Associations with ever having a voluntary HIV test in sexually active participants.

Variable % HIV tested (n) Odds ratio (95% CI) p-value Adjusted OR (95% CI) p-value multivariate model
Total 12.0 (680)
Socio-demographic factors
Age 15–24 12.4 (174) 1 P<0.001 1 P = 0.013
25–34 13.9 (263) 1.14 (0.90–1.46) 1.43(1.04–1.97)
35–44 11.9 (185) 0.95 (0.74–1.22) 1.69 (1.21–2.37)
45–59 6.8 (58) 0.52 (0.37–0.73) 1.21 (0.75–1.95)
Gender Male 9.8 (230) 1 P<0.001 P<0.001
Female with child< 5yrs 16.5 (330) 1.81 (1.42–2.30) 6.49 (4.65–9.06)
Female with no child or child> = 5 9.0 (120) 0.90 (0.68–1.20) 1.74(1.26–2.40)
Religion Christian 19.6 (264) 1 P<0.001
Muslim 9.8 (413) 0.44 (0.35–0.56)
Marital Status Married 11.4 (428) 1 P = 0.201
Unmarried 13.6 (212) 1.23 (0.98–1.55)
Separated, divorced, widowed 12.3 (40) 1.09 (0.63–1.63)
Educational level No education 6.8 (223) 1 P<0.001 1 P<0.001
Primary 13.6 (90) 2.15 (1.64–2.82) 1.77 (1.27–2.47)
Secondary & Higher 23.1 (359) 4.13 (3.2–5.32) 3.01 (2.16–4.19)
Region Eastern 7.9 (112) 1 P<0.001 1 P = 0.008
Northern 7.9 (129) 0.96(0.65–1.44) 1.20 (0.80–1.82)
Southern 10.6 (132) 1.40(0.85–2.30) 1.85 (1.08–3.15)
Western 25.0 (307) 3.90(2.73–5.57) 1.90 (1.30–2.78)
Residence Urban 21.1 (454) 1 P<0.001 1 P = 0.017
Rural 6.7 (226) 0.27 (0.20–0.36) 0.62 (0.42–0.92)
Age at first sex 14&under 9.1 (102) 1 P<0.001 1 P = 0.006
15–16 10.8 (205) 1.20 (0.91–1.60) 1.38 (0.98–1.95)
17–18 16.1 (207) 1.91 (1.43–2.56) 1.88 (1.29–2.74)
19&older 11.8 (166) 1.33 (1.01–1.76) 1.76 (1.19–2.61)
Recent behaviour
Last time had sex In last 12 months 12.1 (549) 1 P = 0.410
>12 months 11.0 (101) 0.89(0.68–1.17)
Use condom last time had sex No 11.5 (486) 1 P<0.001 1 P = 0.030
Yes 23.5 (58) 2.37(1.62–3.46) 1.60 (1.05–2.43)
No. of sex partners, last year no sex 11.0 (101) 1 P = 0.343
1 sex partner 12.4 (480) 1.15 (0.87–1.51)
2 + sex partners 10.5 (58) 0.95 (0.65–1.40)
HIV knowledge and attitudes
Have you ever heard of AIDS No 0 -
Yes 14.7 (680) -
HIV risk is reduced through being faithful No 14.6 (73) 1 P = 0.006
Yes 16.2 (563) 1.13 (0.82–1.57)
Don’t know 7.5 (40) 0.47 (0.27–0.83)
HIV risk is reduced through condom use No 12.7 (77) 1 P<0.001 1 P = 0.019
Yes 16.9 (535) 1.40 (1.03–1.92) 1.33 (0.93–1.91)
Don’t know 8.0 (65) 0.60 (0.38–0.96) 0.74 (0.43–1.26)
Healthy looking person can have HIV No 12.4 (97) 1 P<0.001
Yes 17.7 (495) 1.52 (1.14–2.02)
Don’t know 8.3 (77) 0.64 (0.42–0.99)
HIV risk is reduced by not having sex at all Yes 17.6 (156) 1 P<0.001
No 15.9 (470) 0.88 (0.69–1.13)
Don’t know 7.4(54) 0.37 (0.23–0.59)