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. 2015 Jul 2;5(3):243–263. doi: 10.3390/jpm5030243

Table A1.

Survivorship Guidelines: Healthy Behavior and Lifestyle Factors.

Weight Management Nutrition Physical Activity Smoking Cessation
NCCN [48] Achieve and maintain a healthy body weight throughout life
  1. Pay attention to calories consumed vs. calories expended

  2. Achieve and maintain normal BMI

  3. Weigh oneself weekly to monitor weight loss/gain

Maintain a healthy diet high in fruits, vegetables and whole grains and low in red/processed meat, sugars and fats to help promote healthy weight and avoid obesity
Minimize alcohol intake
  1. Limit to one drink per day for women and two per day for men

Engage in physical activity regularlya.
  1. Avoid inactivity, engage in general physical activity daily (taking the stairs, parking in the back of parking lot)

  2. Strive for at least 150 min of moderate or 75 min of vigorous activity per week (spread out over the week)

Avoid tobacco products
ACS [18] Achieve and maintain a healthy weight.
  1. If overweight or obese, limit consumption of high-calorie foods and beverages and increase physical activity to promote weight loss.

Achieve a dietary pattern that is high in vegetables, fruits, and whole grains.
Follow the American Cancer Society Guidelines on Nutrition and for Cancer Prevention.
Engage in regular physical activity.
  1. Avoid inactivity and return to normal daily activities as soon as possible following diagnosis.

  2. Aim to exercise at least 150 min per week.

  3. Include strength training exercises at least 2 days per week.

Avoid tobacco
ASCO [124] Tool for clinicians and providers to manage obesity
Education and awareness about energy balance and cancer risk association
Provides resources to help tackle obesity.
Endorses ACS guidelines Endorses ACS guidelines Recommend organizing a patient’s quit attempt around the “5 As”—Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange
AICR [42] Be as lean as possible without becoming underweight Avoid sugary drinks. Limit consumption of energy-dense foods.
Eat more of a variety of vegetables, fruits, whole grains and legumes such as beans.
Limit consumption of red meats (such as beef, pork and lamb) and avoid processed meats.
If consumed at all, limit alcoholic drinks to 2 for men and 1 for women a day.
Limit consumption of salty foods and foods processed with salt (sodium).
Don’t use supplements to protect against cancer.
Be physically active for at least 30 min every day.
  1. Limit sedentary habits.

Do not smoke or chew tobacco
ACSM [93] No recommendations No recommendations Exercise is safe during and after cancer treatment, and should be encouraged.
General medical assessment before embarking on new physical activity program
Follow Physical activity guidelines for Americans (150 min per week) Adapt exercise /physical activity program to accommodate disease and treatment-related late/long-term effects.
No recommendations

NCCN: National Comprehensive Cancer Network; ASCO: American Society of Clinical Oncology; AICR: American Institute of Cancer Research; ACS: American Cancer Society; ACSM: American College of Sports Medicine.