Table 3.
Basal metabolic parameters in 12-month-old male and female offspring
| Control | Reduced | Restricted | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Males | |||
| Fasting insulin (ng/mL) | 0.73 ± 0.05 | 0.56 ± 0.04 | 0.63 ± 0.16 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 8.85 ± 0.40 | 8.87 ± 0.20 | 7.95 ± 0.37 |
| Fasting insulin:glucose ratio | 0.084 ± 0.007 | 0.058 ± 0.008 | 0.087 ± 0.022 |
| HOMA-IR | 6.86 ± 0.59 | 5.24 ± 0.41 | 5.53 ± 1.47 |
| Leptin (pg/mL) | 7252 ± 494 | 14,419 ± 808* | 7890 ± 862† |
| Adiponectin (ng/mL) | 6685 ± 507 | 7891 ± 1439 | 6693 ± 512 |
| Ghrelin (ng/mL) | 9.20 ± 1.36 | 10.57 ± 1.20 | 9.89 ± 1.17 |
| Females | |||
| Fasting insulin (ng/mL) | 0.59 ± 0.07 | 0.51 ± 0.06 | 0.40 ± 0.05 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 8.32 ± 0.40 | 8.57 ± 0.33 | 7.87 ± 0.46 |
| Fasting insulin:glucose ratio | 0.072 ± 0.009 | 0.052 ± 0.008 | 0.053 ± 0.007 |
| HOMA-IR | 5.20 ± 0.61 | 5.26 ± 0.47 | 3.36 ± 0.41*† |
| Leptin (pg/mL) | 4096 ± 483 | 4067 ± 475 | 3738 ± 295 |
| Adiponectin (ng/mL) | 7427 ± 690 | 10,164 ± 1402 | 7428 ± 708 |
| Ghrelin (ng/mL) | 12.41 ± 1.77 | 7.24 ± 1.79 | 8.27 ± 0.72 |
Fasting plasma glucose and insulin, ratio of fasting insulin to glucose, HOMA-IR, and plasma leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin concentrations were measured in male and female Control, Reduced, and Restricted offspring. Values are expressed as means ± SEM; n = 9–10 per group).
*
P < 0.05 versus Control, †P < 0.05 versus Reduced.