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. 2015 Oct 5;6:8437. doi: 10.1038/ncomms9437

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(a) PBMCs from SPMS patients were cultured with or without anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies in the presence of fluorescently conjugated anti-CD107a antibodies and brefaldin A. After 5 h stimulation, cells were then stained intracellularly for expression of Eomes. Plots show CD107a surface trapping for unstimulated (left) and restimulated (right) for CD3⁺CD4⁺ T cells and granzyme B, and perforin 1 staining shown in b. (c) PBMCs from SPMS patients were stimulated with PMA/ionomycin in the presence of GolgiPlug. After 5 h stimulation, cells were stained intracellularly with antibodies against granzyme B, IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-10. Plots show CD3⁺CD4⁺ PBMCs from a representative SPMS patient from four SPMS patients tested.