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. 2015 Oct 12;5:15049. doi: 10.1038/srep15049

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Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Shed LPS was determined in the culture supernatant from both directly and indirectly infected THP-1 cells with P12 and 26695 strains at the indicated time intervals. LPS was detected by Limulus amebocyte lysate assay (LAL) kit (Pierce Themo Scientific) as per the manufacture’s instruction and E. coli LPS served as a positive control. Data represent the mean and SD values of three replicates. UI indicates uninduced cells and * indicates significant difference where P < 0.05.