TABLE 2.
Clinical characteristics of probable CJD and non-CJD subjects
| Probable CJD (n = 25) | Non-CJD (n = 39) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 64.74 ± 10.29 | 64.33 ± 12.33 | 0.89 |
| Male | 65% | 40% | <0.01 |
| Presenting Symptoms | |||
| Mental change | 0 (0) | 10 (26) | <0.01* |
| Headache | 6 (24) | 8 (21) | 0.74 |
| Psychiatric symptoms | 3 (12) | 5 (13) | 0.99* |
| Cognitive decline | 5 (20) | 4 (10) | 0.46* |
| Pyramidal/extrapyramidal | 1 (4) | 4 (10) | 0.69* |
| Cerebellar dysfunction | 3 (12) | 2 (5) | 0.59* |
| Seizure | 2 (8) | 2 (5) | 0.99* |
| Myoclonus | 1 (4) | 1 (3) | 0.99* |
| Visual disturbance | 2 (8) | 0 (0) | 0.30* |
| Dysarthria/speech | 2 (8) | 0 (0) | 0.30* |
| Initial consciousness at admission | |||
| Alert | 15 (60) | 15 (38) | 0.09 |
| Confusion | 1 (4) | 2 (5) | 0.99* |
| Drowsy | 2 (8) | 9 (23) | 0.22* |
| Stupor | 3 (12) | 12 (31) | 0.08 |
| Semicoma | 1 (4) | 1 (3) | 0.99* |
| EEG abnormality | |||
| Periodic wave | 9 (36) | 3 (8) | 0.01* |
| Epileptiform discharge | 2 (8) | 6 (15) | 0.64* |
| Slowing | 11 (44) | 21 (54) | 0.44 |
| Diffusion MRI abnormality | |||
| Caudate/putamen | 10 (40) | 2 (5) | <0.01* |
| Diffuse cortical | 10 (40) | 7 (18) | 0.05 |
| Other | 3 (12) | 21 (54) | <0.01 |
Mean ± standard deviations for continuous variables.
Parentheses denote percentages.
*
Fisher's Exact tests.
Abbreviation: CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease), EEG (electroencephalography), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).