Fig. 2.

Cognitive remediation training (CRT) supports restorative functioning in prefrontal and thalamic areas. Note: Areas in red depict brain regions that showed significant change as a result of CRT in the current activation likelihood estimation (ALE). Blue areas depict previously published results comparing controls > patients with schizophrenia (HC > SZ) on tasks measuring working memory (WM) and executive functioning. Green areas depict previously published results comparing HC > SZ on tasks measuring affective processing. Purple indicates overlap between CRT and the WM ALE, and yellow indicates overlap between CRT and the affective processing ALE. (A) Increased functional activation as the result of CRT in the left prefrontal cortex overlaps with areas shown to have dysfunctional processing in previous cognition and affective processing ALE meta-analyses. (B) Increased functional activation as the result of CRT in the thalamus and caudate nucleus overlaps with an area showing deficits in affective processing and is adjacent to a thalamic area showing deficits in the WM ALE. Results from previous ALE studies are displayed here for comparison purposes with the kind permission of Minzenberg and colleagues⁹ and Delvecchio and colleagues.¹¹