Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Participantsa
| Characteristic | All Participants | Aripiprazole-Treated Participants | Risperidone-Treated Participants | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | N | % | |
| Men | 140 | 71 | 72 | 71 | 68 | 71 |
| Women | 58 | 29 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 29 |
| Ethnic background | ||||||
| African-American | 73 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 35 | 37 |
| Asian | 39 | 20 | 22 | 22 | 17 | 18 |
| Caucasian | 48 | 24 | 21 | 21 | 27 | 28 |
| Hispanic | 20 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 9 |
| Other/mixed | 16 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 7 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Never married | 182 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 90 | 94 |
| Married | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| Remarried | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Divorced | 9 | 4.5 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 3 |
| Unknown | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | - | - |
| Diagnosis | ||||||
| Schizophrenia | 131 | 66 | 72 | 71 | 59 | 62 |
| Schizophreniform disorder | 45 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 23 |
| Schizoaffective disorder | 6 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
| Psychotic disorder NOS | 16 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 11 | 11 |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Age (y) | 22.1 | 5.6 | 22.4 | 5.8 | 21.8 | 5.4 |
| Highest educational level (1 = postgraduate; 7 = grade school) | 3.9 | 1.2 | 4.0 | 1.4 | 3.8 | 1.1 |
| Hollingshead social class | ||||||
| Participant | 4.4 | 2.5 | 4.2 | 0.8 | 4.6 | 3.4 |
| Parent | 3.4 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 1.3 | 3.5 | 3.6 |
| Age at first psychiatric symptoms (y) | 18.1 | 6.0 | 18.2 | 5.9 | 18.1 | 6.0 |
| Age at first psychotic symptoms (y) | 19.7 | 5.3 | 19.8 | 5.0 | 19.7 | 5.6 |
| Duration of psychiatric symptoms before study entry (wk) | 203.9 | 282.1 | 218.0 | 317.6 | 188.8 | 238.9 |
| Duration of psychotic symptoms before study entry (wk) | 125.5 | 208.8 | 138.2 | 243.3 | 112.0 | 164.4 |
| Least square means estimates of symptom severity | ||||||
| BPRS-A total score at study entry | 45.89 | 0.86 | 44.38 | 0.92 | ||
| Total of BPRS-A items in response criterion at study entry | 14.66 | 0.38 | 14.42 | 0.40 | ||
| CGI severity score at study entry | 4.95 | 0.11 | 4.94 | 0.12 | ||
| SANS global scores at study entry | ||||||
| Affective flattening | 1.85 | 0.09 | 1.74 | 0.09 | ||
| Alogia | 2.08 | 0.08 | 1.96 | 0.09 | ||
| Avolition-apathy | 2.16 | 0.10 | 2.02 | 0.10 | ||
| Asociality-anhedonia | 2.19 | 0.08 | 2.07 | 0.09 | ||
Note: BPRS-A, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-Anchored version; CGI, Clinical Global Impressions Scale; NOS, Not Otherwise Specified; SANS, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms.
aParticipants assigned to aripiprazole and risperidone did not differ on any characteristic.