Table 3.
Mean biochemical parameters of blood serum from the control group and groups treated with diamond (DN), graphite (GN), and graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles
| DN | GN | GO | Control | ANOVA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P value | |||||
| AST (IU/L) | 353.7 ± 165.45 | 403.4 ± 169.31 | 363.4 ± 174.53 | 273.0 ± 193.34 | 0.861 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 89.0 ± 37.46 | 102.2 ± 43.10 | 113.5 ± 72.89 | 123.3 ± 70.19 | 0.763 |
| ALP (IU/L) | 183.1a ± 42.44 | 285.1b ± 61.57 | 182.8a ± 25.74 | 175.5a ± 25.08 | 0.000 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 145.7 b ± 32.89 | 138.1b ± 19.78 | 144.4b ± 24.59 | 218.8a ± 56.77 | 0.003 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.36a ± 0.205 | 0.29b ± 0.147 | 0.49a ± 0.098 | 0.54a ± 0.100 | 0.023 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 49.4 ± 4.37 | 55.3 ± 10.16 | 50.9 ± 5.16 | 53.2 ± 11.29 | 0.634 |
| TP (g/L) | 57.2 ± 3.06 | 55.3 ± 3.33 | 55.3 ± 5.57 | 59.0 ± 5.22 | 0.440 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 48.5 ± 4.04 | 48.2 ± 3.60 | 49.8 ± 5.27 | 49.8 ± 5.19 | 0.882 |
| LDH (U/L) | 1496 ± 420.7 | 1468 ± 313.3 | 1516 ± 297.3 | 1209 ± 463.5 | 0.481 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 135.4 ± 34.97 | 99.6 ± 30.18 | 117.1 ± 24.63 | 103.4 ± 26.48 | 0.175 |
The results are means of multiple determinations (n = 6) with ± standard deviation
a,bValues with different superscripts are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05)
AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, ALP alkaline phosphatase, BUN blood urea nitrogen, TP total protein, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, TG triglycerides