Table 1.
Impact of acute non-shivering cold exposure and severe burns on whole-body energy expenditure.
| Normala (kcal/day) | Cold exposure (kcal/day) | Severe burnsd (kcal/day) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BAT | 1 (0.1) | 127 (7.0)c | 191 (6.3)e |
| WAT | 68 (4.0)b | 68 (3.7) | 205 (6.7)f |
| Muscle | 368 (21.7) | 368 (20.2) | 748 (24.5) |
| Liver | 362 (21.3) | 362 (19.8) | 684 (22.4) |
| Heart | 146 (8.6) | 146 (8.0) | 368 (12) |
| Kidney | 137 (8.1) | 137 (7.5) | 244 (8.0) |
| Brain | 338 (19.9) | 338 (18.5) | 338 (11.1) |
| Other | 277 (16.3) | 277 (15.2) | 277 (9.1) |
| Whole body | 1697 | 1823 | 3053 |
Values for each organ/tissue are presented as kilocalories/day with the percent contribution to whole-body energy expenditure in brackets.
aValues for thermoneutral conditions are taken from Rolfe and Brown (7).
bValues for white adipose tissue (WAT) are taken from Gallagher et al. (48).
cValues for cold exposure (5 h at ~18°) were derived from Chondronikola et al. (24), assuming a 7.5% increase in resting energy expenditure following acute cold exposure, which was attributable to brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation.
dValues for burn victims are taken from Wilmore and Aulick (49) for a patient with full-thickness burns encompassing 50% of their total body surface area, which results in an 80% increase in resting energy expenditure.