Figure 2.

ECMs can be derived from different animal tissues or organs, each with a unique compliment of proteins, carbohydrates, extracellular matrix molecules, growth factors, and cytokines. The ECM is a flexible platform that can be used as a natural material bioscaffold, an injectable hydrogel, or combined with polymeric materials to form biohybrid devices with controllable mechanical and biochemical properties. Each form can be augmented with cells or other bioactive molecules to improve the healing response.