Table 4.
Multinomial logistic regression results for social characteristics associated with work, finance, or injury harms (odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals).
| CAUSING HARM/BEING HARMED | NOT CAUSING HARM/BEING HARMED | CAUSING HARM/NOT BEING HARMED | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% C.I. | OR | OR | 95% C.I. | ||
| Gender (Male = Ref.) | ||||||
| Female | 0.42* | (0.18–0.98) | 0.89 | (0.55–1.44) | 0.74 | (0.46–1.20) |
| Age (15–29 = Ref.) | ||||||
| 30–45 | 0.05* | (0.01–0.45) | 0.82 | (0.39–1.73) | 0.55 | (0.26–1.15) |
| 46–64 | 0.01** | (0.00–0.03) | 0.63 | (0.30–1.33) | 0.06*** | (0.02–0.19) |
| >64 | – | – | 0.28* | (0.08–0.99) | 0.49 | (0.11–2.30) |
| Education (Low = Ref.) | ||||||
| Middle | 0.64 | (0.27–1.52) | 5.73*** | (2.29–14.37) | 1.20 | (0.68–2.11) |
| High | 0.51 | (0.15–1.66) | 8.10*** | (3.06–21.45) | 0.78 | (0.40–1.52) |
| Income (DK Kroner; <100,000 = Ref.) | ||||||
| 100,000–199,999 | 0.81 | (0.25–2.65) | 1.25 | (0.52–2.99) | 0.75 | (0.38–1.49) |
| 200,000–299,999 | 0.36 | (0.10–1.31) | 1.25 | (0.50–3.15) | 0.64 | (0.26–1.59) |
| 300,000–399,999 | 0.64 | (0.15–2.71) | 1.45 | (0.57–3.68) | 1.24 | (0.43–3.58) |
| ≥400,000 | – | – | 0.83 | (0.30–2.31) | 0.63 | (0.20–2.01) |
| Occupation (White-collar = Ref.) | ||||||
| Blue-collar | 1.49 | (0.35–6.32) | 1.87 | (0.96–3.65) | 2.50* | (1.08–5.78) |
| Self-employed | – | – | 3.68** | (1.75–7.74) | 0.28 | (0.04–2.22) |
| Student/pupil | 1.03 | (0.25–4.27) | 3.67* | (1.33–10.16) | 4.05** | (1.53–10.73) |
| Apprentice | 0.25 | (0.03–2.10) | – | – | 1.46 | (0.30–7.09) |
| Pensioner | 6.63* | (1.16–38.0) | 0.95 | (0.34–2.65) | 0.43 | (0.09–1.99) |
| Unemployed | – | – | 3.06* | (1.25–7.48) | 4.62* | (1.27–16.80) |
| Other | 0.42 | (0.05–4.00) | 1.52 | (0.58–3.98) | 0.99 | (0.25–3.98) |
| Partnershipa (Not married = Ref.) | ||||||
| Married/living with partner | 0.60 | (0.24–1.46) | 0.44** | (0.28–0.71) | 0.61* | (0.37–0.99) |
| Children (None is Ref.) | ||||||
| Children under 18 in home | 0.94 | (0.17–5.07) | 1.09 | (0.66–1.82) | 0.74 | (0.37–1.48) |
| Log volume (grams) | 20.07*** | (6.67–60.37) | 1.49 | (0.79–2.83) | 3.64*** | (1.91–6.92) |
| RSOD (≥monthly) | 2.51 | (0.66–9.57) | 0.72 | (0.41–1.25) | 4.59*** | (2.41–8.75) |
| Survey mode (Internet = Ref.) | ||||||
| Telephone | 0.26** | (0.10–0.65) | 1.00 | (0.62–1.63) | 0.56* | (0.31–0.99) |
| Log likelihood | −835.03 | |||||
| Likelihood ratiob | 80.53*** | |||||
| Pseudo R2 | 0.31 | |||||
| N observations | 2208 | |||||
Notes: In the multinomial logistic regression, the reference group is “not causing harm/not being harmed.”
a
Includes single, widow, divorced, and separated.
b
The likelihood ratio test provides evidence supporting the inclusion of alcohol variables in the model.
*
P < 0.05;
**
P < 0.01;
***
P < 0.001.